普通本科高校：“转型”还是“回归”？
General Undergraduate Universities:“Transforming”or “Regressing”?

随着我国社会经济发展新常态的到来，高等教育发展亦 呈现出不同于往常发展的新态势。建设世界一流大学及一流学 科，大力发展应用型高校成为新常态下我国高等教育发展的战 略重点。现代社会经济的发展决定了现代高等教育必须面向经 济建设和社会发展办学，主动适应和服务于经济建设和社会生 态文明发展的需要。“职业取向”是现代高校区别于传统高校 的价值追求，职业性是现代高等教育区别于传统高等教育的突 出特征。本科高校的职业性取向，从本质上说，不是“转型”而 是“回归”。回归现代高校的职业性，大力发展应用型高校，推 进我国高等教育的职业化，可供选择的现实路径是：明确并坚持 “服务导向”，主动服务社会经济新常态；确立并坚守“职业取 向”，实施分层分类办学政策；转变人才培养模式，面向社会经 济自主办学。
With the arrival of the new normal social and economic development, the development of higher education has shown a new trend that is different from the usual development. The construction of world-class universities and the first class disciplines and the development of application oriented universities become the new norm in the development of higher education in China’s strategic focus. The development of modern social economy determines that the modern higher education must face the economic construction and social development, and actively adapt to the needs of economic construction and the development of social ecological civilization.“Vocational orientation”is the value pursuit of modern colleges and universities, which is different from the traditional higher education. The professional orientation of undergraduate colleges and universities, in essence, is not“transformation”but “regression”. Returning occupational character of modern colleges and universities, developing vigorously the application oriented colleges and universities, and promoting the professionalization of higher education in our country, the path is clear for them to choose: adhere to the“service oriented”, active service to the new social and economic norm; establish and adhere to the“professional orientation”, implementation of the hierarchical classification policy of running school; changes in personnel training mode, social and economic autonomy oriented.