高学历人群代际流动性的阶段解析 　　　——基于CGSS及CLDS数据
An Stage-analysis of Intergenerational Mobility of Highly Educated People

近年来，我国高学历人群的社会代际流动性较1990年 代呈现出显著的下降趋势。利用中国综合社会调查（CGSS） 及中国劳动力动态调查（CLDS）数据，通过构建代际流动 表，对社会代际流动性变化的趋势进行剖析，同时，建立基于 明瑟收入方程的高学历人群代际流动性回归模型，对代际流 动性的影响因素和路径进行定量阐释。研究表明，教育依然 是提高代际流动的主要途径，而家庭资源的劣势则是阻碍高 学历人群社会代际流动性提高的主要因素，但这种阻碍作用 往往被高估。
Social intergenerational mobility is a phenomenon that the social and economic status of children is different from that of their parents. In particular, for those who have received higher education, the factors affecting intergenerational mobility show more significant, and the parents has more direct influence on the social and economic status of their offspring. Family resources represent the social and economic status of the parents, and affect the offspring's chance to accept high-quality education and work choice. In recent years, the intergenerational mobility of highly educated population in China has shown a significant downward trend compared with the 1990s. The remark that "an elite will never come from a poor house" arouses profound thinking of the whole society. The motivation of this study is to find the reasons behind the weakening of intergenerational mobility and the solidifying of social classes. In this empirical research, the data is collected from Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) from 2010 to 2013 and China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS) in 2014. Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), which started in 2003, is one of the most important data sources for Chinese social science research, including data on multiple levels of society, community, family and individual. China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS) is a tracking survey conducted every two years, including 29 provinces or cities in China, except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, Tibet, Hainan province. CLDS systematically monitors the interactions among village/communities, families and labors, and also establishes a three level tracking database of communities, families and labors. We apply social intergenerational mobility table to analyze the intergenerational mobility for the groups with different higher education levels in different decades. And then we respectively explore the factors of social intergenerational mobility in two aspects of subjective and objective perspective, in order to accurately evaluate social intergenerational mobility. In addition to the influence of the offspring income on the social and economic status of their parents, there are also some unobservable factors that affect (such as family social relationships, genetic inheritance, etc). These issues may cause endogeneity in the model. In this study, the two-stage