利文斯通的古典文学教育思想及其现实意义
Livingstone’s Thoughts of Classical Education and its Practical Significance

作为西方传统自由教育的捍卫者，利文斯通坚信古典 文学的成就和地位不可取代，强调古典文学教育的优越性，认 为古典文学的完整性、简朴性和天然的明晰与直率等特性在学 校教育中具有很强的人文教育意蕴，同时也是对公民的理性洗 礼。不过，基于社会发展的考虑，利文斯通呼吁对古典文学教 育进行改革，倡导古典文学教育应从知识转向思维。利文斯通 的古典文学教育思想反映了20世纪初人们对理性精神的追求， 并认识到自然科学不能取代人文学科的地位。这对于我们重 新审视当今中国的教育现状，让教育既回归古典人文传统又培 养现时代精神，无疑具有重要借鉴意义。
As a defender of the traditional western liberal education, Livingstone believes that classical literature is indispensable and irreplaceable. The classical literature is complete and broad in coverage, simple and unadorned in style, clear and straightforward in its thoughts, as Livingstone indicates which proves to be significant in improving humanistic education as a whole and promoting the cultivation of humanistic logos in citizenship education. Meanwhile, taking the social development into account, Livingstone calls on reforms of the classical education, advocating a transfer of classical education from the instruction of knowledge to the training of thinking. Livingstone’s educational thoughts of classical literature reflect that people in the 20th century were eager for the pursuit of rational spirits and aware that human science would not be replaced by natural science. This reveals the vital necessity for us to reexamine the current situation of education in China, and relive the tradition of classical humanity and cultivate the spirit of the current times.