高质量高等教育公平：理念诠释、现状分析与 政策进路
High Quality Higher Educational Equity: Ideal, Status and Policy Approach

高质量高等教育公平的核心理念是创建不同层次类 型的一流，让每个学生都接受适合自己的“最好的教育”。进 入高等教育后大众化阶段以来，一流高校招生规模按年均 4582人的速度增长，高质量高等教育录取率保持在5%左右 的水平，海外留学人员按平均每年3.41万人的速度递增，“协 作招生计划”助力高质量高等教育实现全覆盖，但仍然存在 “优质”“特质”高等教育供给不足、增长缓慢、分布不均等 问题，需要通过容量扩充、存量开发、增量拓展和均量调整加 以解决。
As a new educational ideal and a developmental view of equity, high quality higher education equity is a high level of educational equity which adapts to the development of universal higher education. Letting different types of higher institutions create different levels of first-class universities, letting each student accept their own education, giving “the best education” to people as much as possible, which is the concentrated embodiment of high quality higher education equity. Since the post mass education of higher education, Chinese higher education has made important progress in ensuring quality and promoting equity, such as the enrollment of Chinese first-class universities grows at an annual rate of 4582 people, high quality higher education admission rate remains at around 5%, overseas students increase to the average annual rate of 34.1 thousand people, “collaborative enrollment plan” helps high quality higher education achieve full coverage, so that high-quality higher education resources benefit more economically backward areas as well as educational backward areas, which shows the sharing level of higher education reform result continues to enhance. However, there are still many deficiencies in the high quality higher education equity, which shows in four aspects: First, the high quality higher education supply is insufficient, the firstclass academic higher education institution is handful, the first-class professional, industrial and regional universities are very few, the first-class application and technological colleges are very rare. Second, the admission rate of colleges and universities directly under the original ministries is still at a low level, and the average annual growth rate is only 0.7%, the figure of students from each 100 thousand candidates can enter colleges and universities directly under the original ministries is only 5146. Third, overseas study opportunities favor the upper social class, low-income students are difficult to support the high cost of overseas study training fees and study abroad costs, most of which have to give up the dream of studying abroad. Fourth, enrollment quota of colleges and universities directly under the original ministries is imbalance, the probability of entering key universities of candidate from large population provinces and large entrance examination