本科生的时间分配对学习成绩的影响 ——基于2011年H大学本科生就读经历调查数据的分析
Undergraduates’Time Allocation and Academic Achievement

本文利用2011年H大学本科生就读经历调查数据，对本 科生的时间分配现状进行描述，并探讨了上课、课外学习、课 外活动、社会及休闲活动、工作职责和通勤六项活动时间分配 对学生成绩的影响。研究发现：上课、课外学习、社会及休闲活 动时间均显著地影响学习成绩；上课和课外学习时间对学生学 习成绩的影响是积极的，但社会及休闲活动时间却对其有消极 影响；课外活动、工作职责及通勤时间对学习成绩没有显著性 影响。这启示学校在尊重不同群体学生的时间分配特征的基 础上，应注意营造良好的学习氛围、提升教师教学能力、加强 对学生的分类指导和课外指导、培养学生规范利用时间的意识 与行为习惯，以提高学生学习投入水平和学习成绩。
This essay describes current situation of timing allocation of the undergraduates, using data from Student Experiences in Research University Survey in Hunan University 2011.It discusses the impact of timing allocation on academic performance, which includes having classes, extra learning, extra-curricular activities, social and recreational activities, working responsibility and attendance. It shows that classes, extra learning and social and recreational activities have a significant influence to academic performance. Classes and extra learning has positive impacts on academic performance, while social and recreational activities have negative impacts. Regardless of other variables, only taking the demographic characteristics into consideration, time spending on courses has negative impacts on student achievement. Taking both the demographic characteristics and environmental conditions into account, time spend on courses contributes to the improvement of student achievement. Extra-curricular activities, working responsibility and attendance have no significant influence to academic performance. It implies that university should create good learning atmosphere, improve teacher’s teaching ability, strengthen classified guidance and extra-curricular direction, and cultivate students’ awareness of using time reasonably, to promote students’ learning engagement and academic performance.