明代书院教育及其对现代大学的启示
The Academy Education of the Ming Dynasty and its Enlightenment to Modern University

明代书院教育作为我国传统教育的重要组成部分，具 有其当时代教育的鲜明特点：重视因材施教，强调按照学生 的资质进行教育；重视德育和智育的协调发展，注重院生学 习知识和涵养道德在举业中的统一；重视对社会大众的教 育，在教育内容和方式上注重生活化和通俗化。明代书院教 育的这些特点，对于改变现代大学以课程为中心的教育模式 的弊端、发掘现代大学各学科专业课程的德育价值以及适应 当今全民学习和终身学习的要求，进一步开发现代大学的社 会教育功能有着重要的启示意义。
In the Ming Dynasty, the education of the academy emphasized the importance of teaching students according to their aptitude and abilities. This has had an important impact on changing the disadvantages of the curriculum-centered education model of modern universities. At the same time, the academy of Ming Dynasty attached great importance to the coordinated development of moral education and intellectual education, and paid attention to the unity of learning knowledge and cultivating morality in the Imperial Examination. This provides a path for modern universities to explore the moral education value of professional courses. Finally, the academy of Ming Dynasty laid stress on the education of the public, the lifelization of educational contents and the popularization of educational methods. This is an important enlightenment for the further development of the social educational function of modern universities especially when the universal learning and lifelong learning have become a trend today. In recent years, many universities have made great achievements in advocating the academy education, implementing the tutorial system for undergraduates and deepening the moral education, among which the Yuelu Academy of Hunan University has played a leading role in fulfilling the social educational function of the university.