财政引导创新资源配置效率及其影响因素——来自18个高新区与新区的经验分析
Research On Fiscal Policy Efficiency In The Process of Innovation Resource Allocation——Empirical Analysis Based On Data of High-Tech Zone and New Area

基于18个国家级新区所在地和其高新区的数据，运用四阶段DEA模型，考量企业在创新资源配置过程中的财政政策效率，研究发现：多数地方的新区和高新区的财政政策效率均大于1，且中部地区的财政政策效率不管是在新区还是其高新区均是最小，说明多数地区财政政策对企业创新的作用表现为“激励效应”；结合Tobit模型的影响因素分析发现，高新区与新区的财政政策效率影响因素差异较大，一些能对新区财政政策效率造成显著影响的因素，并不能对高新区财政政策效率造成影响，说明高新区的发展已相对成熟，对产业集聚及创新资源引导发挥了较好作用，而新区仍有提升的空间。
This paper uses the data of 18 national new district and its high-tech zone, through the four-stage DEA model analysis of the fiscal policy efficiency of enterprises in the process of innovation resource allocation, found that the fiscal policy efficiency of most local and high-tech zones is greater than 1. It shows that the effect of fiscal policy on enterprise innovation in most areas is “incentive effect”; and the fiscal policy efficiency of the central region is the smallest in both the local and the high-tech zone. Based on the analysis of the influence factors of the Tobit model, it is found that the influence factors of fiscal policy efficiency of high-tech zone and local area are quite different. Some of local fiscal policy efficiency have a significant impact factor, does not affect efficiency of fiscal policy in the zone, and indicates that the development of high-tech zone has reached the level of a relatively independent.