下颌前牙区牙槽骨骨壁厚度及牙根长轴的测量*
Measurements of alveolar bone thickness and tooth root axis in mandibular anterior region

目的:应用锥形束CT(CBCT)测量下颌前牙唇舌侧骨壁厚度,以及牙根长轴相对牙槽突长轴的位置关系,为即刻种植提供临床指导。方法:选取54例中国汉族正常牙合个体的CBCT图像,测量下颌前牙釉牙骨质界(CEJ)下1、3、5、7 mm处唇、舌侧骨壁厚度,以及牙根长轴相对牙槽突长轴的位置关系,比较左右侧同名牙、每个牙位唇舌侧骨壁厚度的差异以及不同性别之间唇舌侧骨壁厚度及牙根长轴与牙槽突长轴夹角的差异。结果:下颌前牙左右侧同名牙相应骨壁厚度差异无统计学意义,除下尖牙CEJ下1 mm处的唇舌侧骨壁厚度差异无统计学意义外,下中切牙和下侧切牙CEJ下1 mm处唇侧比舌侧骨壁厚,其余部位舌侧比唇侧骨壁厚(P<0.05)。不同性别间唇舌侧骨壁厚度的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但下颌尖牙处男性牙根长轴与牙槽突长轴的夹角小于女性(P=0.018)。结论:测定了中国人汉族正常牙合人群下颌前牙区不同高度水平唇舌侧骨壁厚度,为成人即刻种植提供了参考和依据。
Aim: To investigate labial and lingual alveolar bone thickness and the position between the mandibular anterior teeth and the alveolar using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)so as to provide a reference for immediate implant.Methods: Fifty-four individuals with normal occlusion were examined with CBCT. The labial and lingual alveolar bone thickness of the mandibular anterior teeth was measured at level 1,3,5 and 7 mm below the CEJ, and the position between the mandibular anterior teeth with the alveolar was measured. The difference between the left and right in the thickness of labial and lingual bone plate, and the difference between males and females in the thickness of labial and lingual bone plate, as well as the angle between the long axis of the teeth and alveolar were compared.Results: There were no significant differences between the left and right sides. The difference of thickness between labial and lingual bone plate at the 1 mm below the CEJ of the mandibular canine was not significant, while labial bone plate was thicker than the lingual side at the 1 mm below the CEJ of the mandibular incisor and mandibular lateral incisor(P<0.05),and all the rest labial bone plate was thinner than the lingual side(P<0.05).The differences in the thickness of labial and lingual bone plate between males and females were not significant, while the angle between the long axis of the teeth root and alveolar of males was less than that of females at mandibular canine.Conclusion: The alveolar bone thickness in anterior teeth of normal occlusion is determined which provides references for adult immediate implant