南水北调中线工程水源区内迁移民慢性病疾病谱及影响因素
Disease spectrum and influencing factors of chronic diseases in the emigrants from water source area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

目的:了解南水北调中线工程水源区内迁移民慢性病患病情况和疾病分布,分析其影响因素。方法:采用多阶段随机分层抽样法,于2016年7月对水源区就地后靠的330名移民和385名非移民进行问卷调查,分析移民慢性病患病情况和疾病分布,分析移民慢性病患病影响因素。结果:非移民慢性病患病率为35.32%(136/385); 移民为47.58%(157/330),高于非移民(P<0.001)。移民和非移民患病率居于前5位的慢性病均依次为腰腿疼、高血压、胃炎、心脏病和气管炎。移民腰腿疼、高血压和胃炎患病率均高于非移民(P<0.05)。女性、60岁以上、小学及以下文化程度、职业为农民或其他、对家庭收入不满意的移民慢性病患病率高于非移民(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄在18～60岁(OR=1.494,95%CI=1.249～1.787)、60岁以上(OR=2.272,95%CI=1.520～3.369),职业为工人(OR=1.494,95%CI=1.249～1.787)或其他职业(OR=1.483,95%CI=1.619～3.554),家庭收入一般(OR=1.299,95%CI=1.240～1.468)或不满意(OR=1.479,95%CI=1.309～1.635)是移民慢性病患病的危险因素,文化程度为初中(OR=0.522,95%CI=0.286～0.742)或高中及以上(OR=0.751,95%CI=0.340～0.950)是保护因素。结论:内迁移民慢性病患病率处于较高水平,有关部门应优化移民安置政策,提高移民健康水平。
Aim:To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases among the emigrants from the water source area of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project.Methods:A multistage random stratified sampling method was used to survey 330 emigrants and 385 non-emigrants in resettlement sites in July 2016. The prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases were analyzed.Results:The prevalence of chronic diseases in non-emigrants was 35.32%(136/385),and those in emigrants was 47.58%(157/330),which was higher than the former(P<0.05). The top five chronic diseases among the emigrants and non-emigrants prevalence were waist and leg pain,hypertension, gastritis,heart disease and bronchitis, and the prevalence of waist and leg pain,hypertension,and gastritis in emigrants was higher than that in the non-emigrants(P<0.05).The prevalence of chronic diseases in emigrants with female, over 60 years old,graduated from elementary school or below, peasants and other occupations, and dissatisfaction with family income was higher than that in non-emigrants(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that for emigrants,the age ranged from 18 to 60 years(OR=1.494,95%CI=1.249-1.787), above 60 years(OR=2.272,95%CI=1.520-3.369), worker(OR=1.494,95%CI=1.249-1.787)or other occupations(OR=1.483,95%CI=1.619-3.554), average family income(OR=1.299,95%CI=1.240-1.468)or unsatisfied(OR=1.479,95%CI=1.309-1.635)were the risk factors of chronic disease, while the education level of junior high school(OR=0.522,95%CI=0.286-0.742)or high school(OR=0.751,95%CI=0.340-0.950)were the protective factors.Conclusion:The prevalence of chronic diseases in emigrants is at a high level. Relevant departments should optimize the resettlement policies and improve the health status of emigrants