突发饮用水污染下的水阀和消防栓的调度算法研究
Research on Dispatching Algorithm of Valves and Hydrants under Sudden Drinking Water Pollution

研究在突发饮用水污染情况下，如何对消防栓和水阀最优调度，从而使得对用户造成的危害程度最小、同时调度成本最小，但是，这两个目标是互相矛盾的，调度成本的减小必然导致污染水体对用户危害程度增加。因此，首先建立了两目标优化模型，其中，第一个优化目标为污染事件发生后，用户饮用的污染物质量最小；第二个优化目标为对消防栓和水阀调度的成本最小；然后以美国某小镇真实饮用水管网为研究对象，利用NSGA-II算法求解最优的水阀和消防栓调度方案，同时分析了不同参数对调度结果的影响，仿真结果验证了本文所建立的多目标优化模型和调度算法的有效性。
In recent years, drinking water pollution event have occurred, and it’s seriously harmful to social stability and security. It is very important to make a prompt and accurate emergency response to the pollution event and develop the optimal dispatching strategy when the pollution occurs so that provide the decision makers with suggestion.In this paper, the main object is how to optimize the hydrants and valves scheduling to bring the least assumption of pollutants and scheduling cost, the amount of pollutants absorbed, however, is contrary to the cost of scheduling. Therefore, this paper first develops a two-objective optimization model, and then uses NSGAII to solve the problem. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed multi-objective optimization model and scheduling algorithm. In this paper, this study mainly focued on how to operate hydrants and valves to reduce the impact and operation cost under sudden drinking pollution. However, the two goals of impact and operation cost were in conflict. Therefore, a two-objective optimization model was proposed, one goal was to minimize the consumed contaminated water, the other is to minimize the operation cost, and then a real water distribution system in a town of USA was employed and Pareto solutions were given by NSGA-II, at the same time, an comprehensive analysis of different factors was condcouted. The simulation results showed the effectiveness of the proposed multi-objecttive optimization model and scheduling algorithm.