农村大学生的职业生涯机遇 ――基于全国综合社会调查的实证分析
The Rural-Born College Educated and Their Career Chances： Findings from the Chinese General Social Survey

农村大学生是当前城市劳动力的重要组成部分。文章采取群体比较的视角，研究农村大学生和其他相关群体的职业生涯机遇及其影响要素。CGSS2010数据分析表明：（1）农转非大学生和城市大学生拥有相同的机会进入党政机关和国有企业，拥有同样机会获得精英职业地位，经济收入水平不相上下；（2）即使获得了大学文凭，如果没有实现农转非，农村户籍身份也会降低农村大学生的职业生涯机遇，单位地位、职业地位、收入水平都比城市大学生低；（3）在非大学生群体中，农转非也将提升农村背景的城市劳动力的上述职业生涯机遇。文章性地提出当前城市劳动力存在六大社会群体的观点，通过实证分析，理清了户籍身份和高等教育对于职业生涯机遇的影响性质和程度。
This paper classifies China′s urban labor force into six categories through which to examine the roles of birthplace,hukou,and college education in an individual′s career chances.The analysis of CGSS2010 dataset shows that(1)when rural-born individuals gain both urban hukou and college education,they begin to enjoy an equal treatment in the attainment of workplace,occupation,and wage statuses as the college educated urbanites;(2)when a rural-to-urban hukou transfer does not occur,the rural-born college educated experience fewer chances in the status attainments as measured above than the college educated urbanites;(3)among the less-than-college educated,hukou transfer makes the same effects on rural-born workers,as compared to the urbanites with the equal attributes.This paper creatively develops the six-category scheme in urban China,and has guided an empirical analysis to clearly,for the first time in research,differentiate the roles of birthplace,hukou transfer,and college education in occupational and income attainments