父母教养方式对流动儿童问题行为的影响研究
The Impact of Parental Educational Mode on the Problem Behavior of Migrant Children

利用2013年在深圳P区和N区进行的儿童调查数据，对比分析了城市流动儿童和农村流动儿童的问题行为现状，城市流动儿童和农村流动儿童父母的教养方式，以及父母教养方式对流动儿童问题行为的影响；研究发现：一是流动儿童有情绪问题的比例较高，其中考试焦虑比例最高；二是流动儿童感知的父母教养方式主体是温暖型，且城市和农村流动儿童感知的父母教养方式不存在显著差异；三是中国传统“慈母慈父”或“慈母严父”的教养方式对流动儿童健康发展有积极正向影响；四是个体、学校和父母特征对流动儿童问题行为有影响；在此基础上，提出社会应注重流动儿童父母对家庭重要性的认知及教育心理常识的普及，同时，学校应形成有利于学生身心健康发展的教育环境，构建和谐校园文化。
Based on quantitative data from P district and N district of Shenzhen City, this research analyzes the differences in problem behavior of migrant children from rural and urban area, their parents′ educational mode, and the impact of this mode on the problem behavior of migrant children both from rural and urban area .The study found that firstly migrant children are more likely to have emotional problems, especially examination anxiety, but there is no markedly differential in statistics between the emotional problems of migrant children from rural and urban area. The proportion of migrant children have problem behavior is overall low，but migrant children from countryside are more likely to have problem behavior. Secondly，most migrant children found their parents are mild, and there is no difference between migrant children from countryside and urban. Thirdly, Chinese traditional "a gentle mother and a strict father" or "a gentle mother and a gentle father" way of parental educational mode has a positive impact on migrant children′s mental health development. Fourthly, individual factors, school factors and parental factors have impact on migrant children′s problem behaviors