高校学术不端行为治理政策效能的演变特征
Evolving Features of the Efficiency of Governance Policies on Chinese University Research Misconduct

以2002―2016年教育部颁布治理高校学术不端行为政策为对象,结合1991―2016年中国高校师生发生的43个典型案例,基于政策内容及其与实践互动视角,以学术不端行为界定,学术规范与学术道德教育,学术不端行为披露、调查、处理和反馈为分析链条,以教育部“高校学风建设专项教育和治理行动”为关键节点,将政策按时间分为2012年以前、2012―2014年、2014年至今三个阶段,对政策效能演变分析发现:学术不端行为界定的边界不断清晰且可识别性增强;学术规范与学术道德教育制度要求持续增强且具有可操作性的细则;学术不端行为披露制度规范性要求增强并激励高校积极受理举报;学术不端行为调查制度形成了高校调查过程透明性持续增强的细则;学术不端行为处理制度对处理力度与过程公正性的要求不断加强;学术不端行为反馈制度形成了信息共享透明、责任主体强约束的做法。
This paper analyzes policies promulgated by the MoE from 2002 to 2016 of governing Chinese university research misconduct and 43 typical research misconduct cases from 1991 to 2016. By analyzing policy contents and interaction between policies and practices, the results show that the definition of research misconduct has been formed a clear boundary and an enhanced identifiability, and academic norm and academic moral education institution has been continuously enhanced and being more operable, and research misconduct disclosure institution has been focusing on encouraging the enthusiasm of university to accept the report, and research misconduct investigation institution has kept enhancing the transparency of investigation process, and research misconduct punishment institution has been enhancing the intensity and impartiality of punishment, and research misconduct feedback institution has been enhancing transparency of information sharing and highly constrained responsible subject