中国城市居民的社会资本与收入差距 ――社会资本正、负效应再探讨
Social Capital and Income Gaps among Chinese Urban Residents ―Further discussion on the positive and negative effects of social capital

以求职过程为出发点，探讨社会网络资源和收入差距之间的关系,以此关注社会资本在劳动力市场中的正、负效应。通过分析信息和人情资源的具体作用机制，提出社会网络资源对中国城市居民收入差距的不同效应假设，并运用Jsnet 2014和分位数回归模型进行检验。研究发现，社会网络中信息和人情资源对于群体收入差距作用相反：信息资源对收入差距起收敛作用，有助于缩小收入差距；人情资源扩大社会收入差距，成为社会资本负效应的体现。因而，有效发挥信息资源的桥梁作用，规范人情资源的作用空间，是缩小中国城市居民收入差距的关键，同时也是市场机制下公平竞争原则的体现。
Focusing on the positive and negative effects of social capital in the labor market, this study takes job hunting as a starting point to explore the relationship between social network resources and income gap. In particular, through the analysis of the specific action mechanism of informational and favorite resources, the study proposes hypothesis of social network resources′ different effects on Chinese urban residents′ income gap by using Jsnet 2014 and quantile regression model. Results show that the effect of informational resources and favorite resources in the social network is just the opposite:The informational resources have convergence effect to the income gap, helping to narrow the income gap, while the favorite resources will help expand the income gap, becoming the negative effects of social capital. Therefore, it′s essential to play the role of informational resources as a bridge effectively and regulate the function space of favorite resources in order to narrow the gap among Chinese urban residents′ income, which reflects the principle of fair competition under the market mechanism