脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块数量的影响因素
Influencing factors of the number of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with cerebral infarction

摘要：目的 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块是脑梗死的重要影响因素之一，本研究分析脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块数量的影响因素。方法 选择2015年12月至2016年12月兰州大学第二医院神经内科住院治疗的脑梗死患者194例，通过颈部血管彩超检查，统计每例患者颈动脉斑块数量并根据斑块数量的不同，分为单发性、双发性、多发性3组，记录年龄、性别、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、既往脑卒中病史等因素。采用Logistic回归分析不同数量斑块的影响因素。结果 多因素Logistic回归分析显示：性别、高血压、高脂血症、既往脑梗死病史与颈动脉单发斑块有回归关系，高脂血症、糖尿病与颈动脉双发斑块有回归关系，性别、糖尿病、既往脑梗死病史与颈动脉多发斑块有回归关系。结论 不同数量斑块的影响因素存在共同影响因素，不同数量斑块组间也有各独立影响因素。
ABSTRACT: Objective Carotid atherosclerotic plaque is regarded as an important risk factor for ischemic cerebrovascular disease. This study analyzed the factors influencing the number of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods We selected 194 patients with crerbral infarction admitted to the Department of Neurology of Second Hospital Affiliated to Lanzhou University from December 2015 to December 2016. Neck vascular color Doppler ultrasound test was performed, and the number of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in each patient was counted. According to the number, we divided them into three groups: single, double and multiple. The patients’ sex, age, hypertension, hyperlipemia, diabetes and history of ischemic stroke were recorded. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing plaques. Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and history of cerebral infarction were risk factors for single carotid artery plaque; hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus were risk factors for double carotid artery plaque; and gender, diabetes, and history of cerebral infarction were risk factors for multiple carotid artery plaque. Conclusion Different numbers of plaques may have common risk factors but different numbers of plaque morphology have their own risk factors