2006-2015年陕西省其他感染性腹泻流行病学特征分析
Epidemiologic analysis of other-infectious diarrhea in Shaanxi Province from 2006 to 2015

摘要：目的 分析2006-2015年陕西省10年间其他感染性腹泻报告病例的流行病学特征，为其防控提供科学依据和本底数据。方法 通过国家“疾病监测信息报告管理系统”，对陕西省2006-2015年上报的其他感染性腹泻病例进行特征描述。结果 2006-2015年陕西省共报告其他感染性腹泻207437例，10年平均年发病率约为52.43/10万，其中男性126673例，女性80764例，男女性别比为1.57∶1；0岁～和1～4岁年龄组报告病例最多，共计占总报告病例数的72.48%；病例构成比前3位的职业分别是散居儿童(74.88%)、农民(10.75%)和学生(5.75%)；全省发病率最高的市依次是宝鸡、延安和安康；发病时间分布呈夏、冬季两个高峰，夏季高峰出现在7～8月，冬季高峰出现在11～12月；病原检测率为4.60%。病原检测结果显示轮状病毒是陕西省其他感染性腹泻的主要病原。结论 陕西省其他感染性腹泻的高危人群为5岁以下儿童，特别是秋、冬季的轮状病毒感染；全省的实验室病原检测率较低，传染病监测质量也急需提高。
ABSTRACT: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of other-infectious diarrhea (OID) in Shaanxi Province from 2006 to 2015 to further clarify the prevention and control strategies. Methods We collected data from the Infectious Disease Report Information System in China for Disease Prevention and Control and made a statistical description of the epidemiological characteristics of incidence distribution in Shaanxi from 2006 to 2015. Results Totally 207437 cases of other-infectious diarrhea were reported in Shaanxi Province during 2006-2015, with the average yearly incidence rate of 52.43/10？？5. The incidence number was higher in males (126673 cases) than in females (80764 cases), with male-female ratio of 1.57∶1. The diseases were most serious in age groups 0- and 1-4 years, accounting for 72.48%. The top-three careers of reported cases were scattered children (74.88%), farmers (10.75%) and students (5.75%), respectively. The cities with the highest incidence in Shaanxi Province were Baoji, Yan’an and Ankang. Two high-incidence seasons were summer (July to August) and winter (November to December). The main pathogen of viral diarrhea was rotavirus, but laboratory-confirmed proportion was low (4.60%). Conclusion Other-infectious diarrhea, especially infection caused by rotavirus in autumn and winter, mainly occurred in children younger than 5 years old. Etiological diagnosis should be strengthened because of the poor laboratory diagnosis reporting rate