染色体短期培养法的改良及在白血病患者染色体核型分析中的应用
Application of improved chromosome short-term culture method in the chromosome karyotype analysis of leukemia patients

摘要：目的 改良骨髓染色体短期培养法并对130例白血病患者进行染色体核型分析。方法 通过单因子梯度实验，对影响骨髓染色体短期培养法的秋水仙素浓度、作用时间、低渗时间等主要因素进行优化，并在改良基础上，进行了3因素3水平正交实验优化骨髓染色体制备体系，进一步对我院130例白血病患者进行了染色体核型分析。结果 秋水仙素浓度、秋水仙素作用时间、低渗时间等因素都有适宜的范围，过高或过低都会影响染色体制备成功率，正交实验结果表明骨髓染色体制备的最适体系为秋水仙素质量浓度0.07μg/mL，作用时间80min，低渗时间35min。通过改良的染色体短期培养法对130例白血病患者进行了染色体核型分析，染色体制备成功率达到了97.69%，异常核型检出率为82.3%。 结论 0.07μg/mL秋水仙素作用80min，低渗时间35min的改良骨髓染色体制备体系值得临床推广。
ABSTRACT: Objective To make the chromosome karyotype analysis of 130 patients with leukemia by using the improved chromosome short-term culture method. Methods We optimized the main factors with a single factor gradient experiment in short-term culture of bone marrow chromosome, including colchicines concentration, duration of action of colchicines, and hypotonic time. On this basis, we conducted the three-factors and three-level orthogonal experiment to achieve improved bone marrow chromosome preparation system, which was later applied in 130 patients with leukemia in our hospital. Results The orthogonal experiment results showed that the optimum conditions were colchicines concentration of 0.07μg/mL, colchicines action time of 80min, and hypotonic time of 35min during the preparation of the bone marrow chromosome. Using this method, the chromosome preparation success rate reached 97.69% and the detection rate of abnormal karyotype reached 82.3% in the chromosome karyotype analysis. Conclusion Bone marrow chromosome preparation system with colchicines concentration of 0.07μg/mL and colchicines action time of 80min, and hypotonic time of 35min is worthy of clinical promotion