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- 2016
控制参数对增压缸内直喷汽油机部分负荷下 微粒排放特性的影响
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Abstract:
为研究控制参数对缸内直喷(GDI)汽油机微粒排放特性的影响,在一台GDI汽油机上,当控制冷却液温度为(85±2)℃、点火正时为上止点前30°时,研究了部分负荷下喷油压力、喷油正时和过量空气系数对微粒的粒径分布特性和数量浓度排放的影响。结果表明,增大喷油压力,微粒数量浓度峰值及其对应的粒径均减小。发动机转速提高,微粒的总数量浓度升高;1 500 r/min时的积聚态微粒排放高于核态微粒排放,2 000 r/min和2 500 r/min时核态微粒排放高于积聚态微粒排放。喷油正时为上止点前270°时,微粒排放最低;喷油正时为上止点前330°时容易形成较多较大尺寸的微粒,微粒数量浓度比其他喷油时刻高出一个数量级。增大过量空气系数,采用偏稀混合气可以降低微粒排放数量,采用浓混合气,核态微粒数量浓度高于积聚态微粒。该结果可为增压缸内直喷汽油机微粒排放特性研究提供参考。
To investigate the effects of control parameters on the particulate emission characteristics of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine, a GDI engine was chosen to reveal the effects of control parameters (fuel injection pressure, fuel injection timing and excess air coefficient) on particle diameter distribution and particle number density of emission with the coolant temperature of 85℃±2℃, ignition timing of 30° CA BTDC under part load. The results show that the peak of the particle number density and the corresponding particle diameter reduced with the increase in fuel injection pressure. The total particle number density increased with the higher engine rotation speed. When the engine rotation speed was 1 500 r/min, the accumulation mode particle emissions were higher than the nucleation mode particle emissions compared with 2 000 r/min and 2 500 r/min which had opposite results. The particle emissions were lowest at the fuel injeciton timing of 270° CA BTDC, and there had bigger particles whose number density was about one order of magnitude higher than other fuel injection timing when the fuel injection timing was 330° CA BTDC. Increasing the excess air coefficient and using lean mixtures could reduce particle emissions. The number density emissions of the nucleation mode particles were higher than accumulation mode particles with using rich fuel？？air mixture. The results could provide references for the study of particulate emission characteristics of turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine
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