车门实际关闭工况的密封条隔声性能仿真
Sound Insulation Property Simulation of Door Weatherstrip Considering Practice Working Condition

针对车门密封条隔声的研究主要集中于二维截面单一工况的垂向压缩,很少考虑车门关闭过程中所受切向力影响的问题,以某挖掘机车门系统的实际关闭工况为边界条件开展了研究,同时提出弯曲段与直线段密封条的三维模型,并由此获取了密封条在不同压缩率下的变形特性,包括车门闭合时密封条同时产生的垂向压缩与切向滑移特性,部分位置出现的扭曲特性,以及完全压缩状态下的密封条内表面接触隔断出新的声腔等。基于密封条三维模型的预应力模态、利用模态叠加法计算了混响室？蚕？声室下的密封条的隔声量,结果表明:随密封条压缩率的增加,隔声性能提升但增速逐渐减缓;隔声性能因新声腔的形成而显著提升;车门与密封条之间的细小缝隙会大幅削弱密封条的隔声性能。该结果对车门密封间隙的设计以及密封条的截面形状、压缩负荷研究具有指导意义。
The existing work on door weatherstrip sound insulation performance mainly focuses on the vertical compression of its two？？dimensional cross？？section with a single compression ratio, but tangential force is seldom taken into consideration in the door closing process. For the door system of an excavator cabin, three？？dimensional models of curved and straight weatherstrip sections are established and their distortion characteristics are acquired with different compression ratio. The characteristics include both compression and sliding states, and distortion at some parts of the weatherstrip. A new acoustic cavity is generated since the internal surface is self？？interacted under full compression. By acquiring prestressing modal of the three？？dimensional weatherstrip model, mode superposition is carried out to gain the sound insulation value in reverberation and anechoic chamber. The results indicate that the sound insulation value of weatherstrip increases at a decreased rate as the compression ratio increases, a small leakage causes serious leaking noise. Furthermore, the sound insulation increases obviously due to the generation of a new acoustic cavity. These results can be used to guide designing door sealing clearance and investigating cross？？section shape of weatherstrip and compression load