无线传感器网络中能量均衡参数可控覆盖算法
EBPCC: Energy Balance Parameters？？Controlled Covering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

针对目标节点进行k度覆盖的过程中会出现大量数据冗余迫使网络出现拥塞并导致网络通信能力和覆盖能力降低、网络能量快速消耗等问题,提出了一种能量均衡参数可控的覆盖算法(energy balance parameters？？controlled coverage,EBPCC)。该算法利用节点之间的位置关系构造出覆盖网络模型,通过分析网络模型给出监测区域内节点覆盖期望值及对整个监测区域覆盖所需最少节点数的求解过程;在能耗方面给出了工作节点和邻居节点之间的能量转换函数比例关系,利用函数比例关系完成低能量节点的调度,进而达到全网能量平衡。实验结果表明:该算法不仅可以提高网络覆盖质量,还可以有效抑制网络节点能量快速消耗,在相同的监测环境下,该算法的网络生存周期比能量有效的目标覆盖ETCA算法延长了12.91％,覆盖率比事件概率驱动机制EPDM算法提高了7.06％。
An energy balance parameters？？controlled covering algorithm for wireless sensor networks is proposed to improve the insufficiencies that network jam due to the redundant data generated during the k？？coverage process of target nodes leads to the reduction in network’s capabilities of communication and coverage as well as the rapid consumption of network energy. A network coverage model is constructed by using the location relationship of nodes, and the model is then analyzed to provide the expectation value of nodes within the monitored region and the computing process of the minimum nodes required for covering the whole monitored region. The proportional relation of energy conversion functions between the working nodes and the neighboring nodes is given, and is used to dispatch nodes with low energy and to balance energy consumption of the whole network. Experimental results show that the proposed k？？degree coverage algorithm improves the network’s coverage quality and cuts down the rapid network nodes energy consumption, and that in the same monitoring environment, the network lifetime with the EBPCC algorithm is 12.91% longer than that with the ETCA and the coverage rate is 7？？06% larger than that with EPDM