多路阀耦合节流槽结构的拓扑变量空间优化
Optimization of Topological Variables Space for Multi？？Way Valve Coupling Groove Structure

针对多路换向阀换向过程中的多阀口节流耦合作用问题,提出了以圆型、U型以及半圆型3种基本节流拓扑结构的参数为设计变量的多路换向阀耦合节流槽结构设计方法。在确认多路换向阀台架实验结果与三维流场解析响应流量和压力特性基本一致的前提下,建立了多阀口耦合节流工作的数值计算模型;通过拓扑变量空间的正交实验,得到了各阀口不同开度下随面积变化的流量变化趋势、压力峰值、压力损失等的灵敏度;在有限拓扑变量约束条件下,以期望流量变化趋势与能量损失最小化为目标,构建了多路换向阀耦合节流槽结构的拓扑变量空间设计模型。仿真结果表明,设计结果在保留原有流量特性的基础上降低了能量损失,实现了工作阀口节流耦合效应优化,说明该方法可以简化表达此类耦合结构设计问题。
A design method for coupling groove structure with design variables of three basic throttle topological structures (round, U and semi？？circular shape, whose parameters are called topological variables) is proposed to deal with the problem of throttle coupling effect in the reversing process of multi？？way directional valve. A numerical calculation model of throttle coupling effect is built on the premise that the accuracy of 3D flow field simulation (on flow rate and pressure characteristics) is proven by experiment on test bench. The variation sensitivities of flow variation trend, pressure peak value and pressure loss with the area in different opening position is obtained via an orthogonal design of topological variables. A topological variables space design model of coupling orifice is built, and the optimization of the throttle coupling effect of the working valve port is realized by setting the expected flow tendency and the minimum energy loss as objectives under the constraint conditions of finite topological variables. Simulation results show that the proposed method has a similar flow rate characteristic as the original one but energy loss is less. Therefore, the method simplifies the expression of models for the design of this kind of coupling structure