仿生含油叠层复合材料的高温摩擦学性能
High-Temperature Tribological Performance of Bionic Oil-Containing Laminated Composite

为了改善聚合物的高温摩擦学性能,从仿生学设计角度出发,将聚α烯烃(PAO)润滑油加入聚合物获得含油聚合物,并将含油聚合物填充至叠层沟槽表面,制备了含油叠层复合材料,并利用销盘摩擦试验机研究了不同温度下该材料的摩擦学性能。摩擦试验结果表明:随着试验温度升高,无油叠层复合材料的摩擦因数显著增大,并在150℃时发生润滑失效;含油叠层复合材料在25～150℃范围内具有极低的摩擦因数,但在200℃时平均摩擦因数增大到0？？18。采用扫描电子显微镜进行磨损表面形貌分析,发现在高温摩擦时,无油叠层复合材料的金属表面为严重的磨粒磨损,聚合物表面为烧蚀磨损;含油叠层复合材料的金属表面为轻微的擦伤,聚合物表面为塑性流动。分析表明,含油聚合物的多孔结构中储存着润滑油,在温度激励下润滑油发生迁移运动,在热驱动下润滑油向摩擦表面渗出并能形成稳定的润滑油膜,从而改善了叠层复合材料的高温润滑寿命。
To improve the high？？temperature tribological performance of the polymer composite, an oil？？containing laminated composite was prepared bionically by adding the poly-α-olefin (PAO) oil into the polymer, and the oil-containing polymer was filled into the laminated grooved surface. The tribological performance of the composite was investigated on a pin？？on？？disc tribometer under high temperature condition. It was found that with the increase of the test temperature, the friction factor of the laminated composite without oil was increased and lubrication failure occurred at 150℃. For the oil？？containing composite, the average friction factor was as low as below 0.1 in the temperature range of 25~150℃, but increased to 0.18 as temperature rose to 200℃. The analysis of wear scars showed that: (i) for the laminated composite without oil, the wear type of steel surface was severe abrasive wear, while the polymer surface was erosion and wear; and (ii) for the oil？？containing laminated composite, the steel surface presented minor scratches and the polymer surface showed plastic flow. The lubrication mechanism of the oil？？containing laminated composite can be deduced as follows: polymer porous structure can stockpile the oil in the base material, the heat drives oil moving to the frictional surface and hence forming a stable lubricating oil, thus the lubrication life of the oil？？containing laminated composite can be improved under high？？temperature conditions