混合润滑状态下滤波减速器的啮合冲击分析与修形方法
Study on Meshing Impact and Modification Method of Filtering Reducer Considering Mixed Lubrication

针对滤波减速器的啮合冲击问题,综合考虑转速、负载和真实齿面粗糙度等因素的影响,建立了反映减速器实际工况的混合润滑数学模型,给出了混合润滑状态下摩擦因数的计算方法,并对不同转速下齿轮啮入点的润滑状态进行了数值计算。在此基础上,提出了针对减速器实际工况的齿廓修形方法,建立了减速器有限元模型,并分析了齿面摩擦、齿廓修形及润滑状态对减速器啮合冲击的影响。结果表明:在混合润滑状态下,齿面摩擦因数随转速增大而减小;相比无摩擦接触,齿面有摩擦接触可明显降低齿轮的啮合冲击,改善齿轮的接触状态,因此在滤波减速器的啮合冲击研究中,齿面摩擦因素不可或缺。有限元分析结果显示:输出齿轮修形量为46 μm、双联齿轮修形量为30 μm是改善减速器动力学性能的最佳修形量,而过小或过大的修形量都不能有效降低齿轮的啮合冲击;齿面润滑状态对减速器修形后的啮合冲击有较大影响,与转速相比,齿面摩擦的影响不明显,较高的转速可导致滤波减速器产生较大的啮合冲击。
For analyzing the meshing impact of filtering reducers, the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of the reducer in actual working condition is studied considering the rotational speed, load and real tooth surface roughness. A mixed lubrication model is established to calculate the lubrication status at the engaging？？in position under different rotational speeds with suggested calculation method of friction coefficient. Taking actual working condition into account, the method of tooth profile modification (TPM) is suggested with the reducer’s finite element model established based on the study of EHL to analyze the effects of friction coefficient of tooth surface, TPM, and lubrication status on the meshing impact. It is found that the friction coefficient will reduce with the rotational speed under mixed lubrication. Compared with frictionless contact, frictional contact can significantly weaken meshing impact and improve gear contact status, thus the friction coefficient of tooth surface must be considered in the study of filtering reducer meshing impact. FEM analysis shows that the optimized TPM amount for output？？gear and dual？？gear is 46 μm and 30 μm, respectively, whereby the dynamic characteristics of filtering reducer are significantly improved, whereas too small or too large TPM amount will not effectively weaken the meshing impact. Moreover, lubrication status has also obvious influence on the meshing impact, but the influence of tooth surface friction is less obvious, in contrast, higher rotational speed will lead to deterioration of the dynamic characteristics