中国医疗卫生财政支出城乡非均等性的实证研究
Empirical study on the equality of the health expenditure between urban and rural areas in China

为考察卫生医疗支出的非均等性，文章通过检验医疗卫生支出收敛性的两个假设，发现在全国范围内没有单一收敛，只有簇收敛。另外，利用中国城镇与农村地区有关医疗卫生支出数据进行新的面板协整检验，考察医疗卫生支出非均等化、收入非均等化、省级政府预算赤字之间的长期关系。研究发现，收入不平等和省级政府预算赤字对解释医疗卫生支出在城乡之间的差异非常有用。为了缩小医疗卫生支出的非均等性，应该实行从富裕沿海地区向贫困农村地区重点支持的财政政策转换。
In order to investigate the inequality about health expenditure, we test two hypothesis of health expenditure convergence, and find that there is no single convergence in the nationwide, only convergence by cluster. In addition, we investigate the long-run relationship between health expenditure inequality, income inequality, and provincial government budget deficits by using new panel cointegration tests with health expenditure data in China's urban and rural areas. We find that the income inequality and real provincial government budget deficits are useful in explaining the disparity in health expenditure prevailing between urban and rural areas. In order to reduce health-spending inequality, we should carry out the support from wealthy coastal regions to poverty in rural areas and focus on fiscal policy shifting.