空调病房室内浮游细菌浓度与粒径分布特征
Airbornebacterial aerosol concentration and distribution characteristics in air-conditioned wards

为定量评估病房室内空气质量，保障设计及运行管理效果，采用IWL-6型六级撞击式空气微生物采集器对重庆市某综合医院3个内科空调病房进行现场采样，通过培养计数与镜检分析，获得了病房空气细菌气溶胶浓度及粒径分布，发现各科室均有一定的浮游细菌污染，病房空气细菌气溶胶浓度与温度、人员密度呈正相关，与相对湿度呈负相关，与科室类型显著相关；夏季病房浮游细菌浓度高于冬季，儿科病房最高，浓度为2 865 cfu·m-3。细菌气溶胶粒径分布与季节相关，冬季主要分布在Ⅰ级~Ⅲ级，夏季主要在Ⅲ级~Ⅴ级。冬、夏季病房空气细菌气溶胶中值直径大于夏季，但均小于4.7 μm。
To evaluate the design of environment safeguard and management effect of ward, the samples of three wards in Chongqing hospital were taken and the concentration of air bacterial aerosol and distribution characteristics in wards were known by bacterial culture, finding that all wards have bacterial contamination to some extent. Air bacterial aerosol concentration is positively correlated with people density and temperature, negatively correlated with humidity, little to do with the unit type. Ward air bacteria aerosol concentration in summer is higher than in winter, especially in paediatric ward, which may reach 2865 cfu·m-3.The size distribution of bacterial aerosol has close relation with season, the high percentage of airborne bacteria concentration is centered on stageⅠto stage Ⅲ in winter and stage Ⅲ to stageⅤin summer. The median diameter of airborne bacterial in winter is bigger than summer and both of them is smaller than 4.7 μm.