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-  2015 

厌恶与悲伤情境图片诱发负性情绪的脑电机制差异探索

DOI: doi:10.7507/1001-5515.20150207

Keywords: 情境诱发, 负性情绪, 事件相关电位, 注意力获取, 情绪感知

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Abstract:

进化心理学认为消极情境可能危及生存, 常引发回避动机, 对人体机能与心理素质皆有重要影响。厌恶与悲伤情境均能够诱发出负性情绪, 但对两者诱发负性情绪过程中的注意力捕获和情绪认知差异尚缺乏了解。本研究选用典型悲伤、厌恶情境图片, 设计了两组负性情绪诱发实验, 并采集了15位青年学生(7男8女, 年龄27岁±3岁)观看情境图片时的32导头皮脑电数据, 提取了各导联事件相关电位(ERP)信号。通过对厌恶和悲伤情境图片所诱发ERP信号进行配对样本t检验, 得到两种图片下ERP信号有统计学差异的时段; 并根据两ERP信号在差异时段内均方根差值绘制脑地形图, 得到差异空间分布。结果显示:悲伤与厌恶情境图片所诱发ERP差异主要体现在前中期T1(120~450 ms)和晚期T2(800~1 000 ms)两个时段; 悲伤图片在T1时段主要激活了枕叶, 反映了注意力的获取, 而厌恶图片在T1时段不仅激活了枕叶, 也高度激活了前额叶, 反映出明显的情绪感知; 厌恶与悲伤图片在T2时段都激活了前额叶, 但厌恶图片所诱发ERP不仅在前额叶, 也在顶叶表现出更强的情绪感知力。以上研究结果将对加深负性情绪认识以及探索负性情绪诱发的深层认知神经学机制有所启示

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