本研究目的是探讨大鼠肺缺血再灌注损伤对瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型 1（TRPV1）在肺和脑干表达的影响。将 16 只 SD 大鼠随机分为假手术组（S组）和缺血再灌注组（IR组）。于缺血前、再灌注 0.5 h 及再灌注 4 h 抽取动脉血进行血气分析，观察动脉血氧分压（PaO2）及肺泡动脉氧分压差（A-aDO2）的变化。实验结束时取左肺下叶测量氧化应激指标丙二醛（MDA）、炎症反应指标髓过氧化物酶活性（MPO）、神经肽降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）和 P 物质（SP）。取左肺上叶和脑干检测 TRPV1 的基因和蛋白的表达。与 S 组相比，再灌注 0.5 h 和 4 h 时，IR 组 PaO2 明显降低（P<0.05），A-aDO2 明显升高 （P<0.05）；IR 组肺组织匀浆 MPO 活力及 MDA 含量均明显增高（P<0.05）；缺血再灌注使得 CGRP 含量明显增加（P<0.05），而两组间 SP 含量未见明显差异。IR 组 TRPV1 mRNA 及蛋白在肺组织中表达明显上调（P<0.05），而在脑干中的表达与 S 组比较无明显差异。本研究提示肺缺血再灌注损伤使 TRPV1 在肺组织中表达增加，CGRP 释放增加
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