1. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global strategy for asthma management and prevention 2014.
[2]
2. Zhizhou K, Jarad JW, Shuhong L, et al. Deciphering asthma biomarkers with protein profiling technology. Int J Inflam, 2015, 2015:630-637.
[3]
6. Morris SM Jr. Regulation of enzymes of the urea cycle and arginine metabolism. Annu Rev Nutr, 2002, 22:87-105.
[4]
8. Sandrini A, Taylor DR, Thomas PS, et al. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide in asthma:an update. Respirology, 2010, 15:57-70.
[5]
10. Guo FH, Comhair SAA, Zheng S, et al. Molecular mechanisms of increased nitric oxide (NO) in asthma:evidence for transcriptional and post-translational regulation of NO synthesis. J Immunol, 2000, 164:5970-5980.
17. Maarsingh H, Tio MA, Zaagsma J, et al. Arginase attenuates inhibitory nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerve-induced nitric oxide generation and airway smooth muscle relaxation. Respir Res, 2005, 6:23-29.
[11]
19. Belvisi MG, Stretton CD, Yacoub M, et al. Nitric oxide is the endogenous neurotransmitter of bronchodilator nerves in humans. Eur J Pharmacol, 1992, 210:221-222.
[12]
20. Ward JK, Barnes PJ, Tadjkarimi S, et al. Evidence for the involvement of cGMP in neural bronchodilator responses in human trachea. J Physiol, 1995, 483:525-536.
[13]
21. Beckman JS, Koppenol WH. Nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite:the good, the bad, and ugly. Am J Physiol, 1996, 271:C1424-1437.
[14]
23. Tam A, Wadsworth S, Dorscheid D, et al. The airway epithelium:more than just a structural barrier. Ther Adv Respir Dis, 2011, 5:255-273.
[15]
26. Scott JA, North ML, Rafii M, et al. Plasma arginine metabolites reflect airway dysfunction in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation. J Appl Physiol, 2015, 118:1229-1233.
[16]
28. Yang M, Rangasamy D, Matthaei KI, et al. Inhibition of arginase I activity by RNA interference attenuates IL-13-induced airways hyperresponsiveness. J Immunol, 2006, 177:5595-5603.
[17]
29. Pauwels R, Joos G, Van der Straeten M. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is not bronchial hyperresponsiveness is not bronchial asthma. Clin Allergy, 1988, 18:317-321.
[18]
33. Dupont LJ, Rochette F, Demedts MG, et al. Exhaled nitric oxide correlates with airway hyperresponsiveness in steroid-naive patients with mild asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 1998, 157:894-898.
[19]
34. Nogami H, Shoji S, Nishima S. Exhaled nitric oxide as a simple assessment of airway hyperresponsiveness in bronchial asthma and chronic cough patients. J Asthma, 2003, 40:653-659.
[20]
42. Porsbjerg C, Brannan JD, Anderson SD, et al. Relationship between airway responsiveness to mannitol and to methacholine and markers of airway inflammation, peak flow variability and quality of life in asthma patients. Clin Exp Allergy, 2008, 38:43-50.
[21]
44. Shim E, Lee E, Yang SI, et al. The Association of lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and exhaled nitric oxide differs between atopic and non-atopic asthma in children. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res, 2015, 7:339-345.
[22]
45. Suh DI, Lee JK, Kim CK, et al. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine and adenosine 5'-monophosphate, and the presence and degree of atopy in young children with asthma. Clin Exp Allergy, 2011, 41:338-345.
[23]
47. Drews AC, Pizzichini MM, Pizzichini E, et al. Neutrophilic airway inflammation is a main feature of induced sputum in nonatopic asthmatic children. Allergy, 2009, 64:1597-1601.
[24]
48. Hardaker KM, Downie SR, Kermode JA, et al. Predictors of airway hyperresponsiveness differ between old and young patients with asthma.Chest, 2011, 139:1395-1401.
[25]
3. H？ussermann S, Kappeler D, Schmidt A, et al. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide in clinical trials:an overview. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2013, 788:237-245.
[26]
4. An Official ATS Clinical Practice Guideline:Interpretation of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Levels (FENO) for Clinical Applications. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2011, 184:602-615.
7. Puckett JL, George SC. Partitioned exhaled nitric oxide to non-invasively assess asthma. Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 2008, 163:166-177.
[29]
9. Ricciardolo FL. Multiple roles of nitric oxide in the airways. Thorax, 2003, 58:175-182.
[30]
13. Di Maria GU, Spicuzza L, Mistretta A, et al. Role of endogenous nitric oxide in asthma. Allergy, 2000, 55 Suppl 61:31-35.
[31]
15. Belvisi MG, Stretton D, Barnes PJ. Nitric oxide as an endogenous modulator of cholinergic neurotransmission in guinea-pig airways. Eur J Pharmacol, 1991, 198:219-221.
[32]
18. Maarsingh H, Leusink J, Zaagsma J, et al. Role of the L-citrulline/L-arginine cycle in iNANC nerve-mediated nitric oxide production and airway smooth muscle relaxation in allergic asthma. Eur J Pharmacol, 2006, 546:171-176.
[33]
22. Kageyama N, Miura M, Ichinose M, et al. Role of endogenous nitric oxide in airway microvascular leakage induced by inflammatory mediators. Eur Respir J, 1997, 10:13-19.
[34]
24. Laoukili J, Perret E, Willems T, et al. IL-13 alters mucociliary differentiation and ciliary beating of human respiratory epithelial cells. J Clin Invest, 2001, 108:1817-1824.
[35]
25. Laporte JC, Moore PE, Baraldo S, et al. Direct effects of interleukin-13 on signaling pathways for physiological responses in cultured human airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2001, 164:141-148.
[36]
27. Modolell M, Corraliza IM, Link F, et al. Reciprocal regulation of the nitric oxide synthase/arginase balance in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages by TH1 and TH2 cytokines. Eur J Immunol, 1995, 25:1101-1104.
[37]
30. Brannan JD, Lougheed MD. Airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma:mechanisms, clinical significance, and treatment. Front Physiol, 2012, 3:460.
[38]
31. Anderson SD. Indirect challenge tests:Airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma:its measurement and clinical significance. Chest, 2010, 138:25S-30S.
[39]
32. Jatakanon A, Lim S, Kharitonov SA, et al. Correlation between exhaled nitric oxide, sputum eosinophils, and methacholine responsiveness in patients with mild asthma. Thorax, 1998, 53:91-95.
[40]
35. Langley SJ, Goldthorpe S, Custovic A, et al. Relationship among pulmonary function, bronchial reactivity, and exhaled nitric oxide in a large group of asthmatic patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2003, 91:398-404.
[41]
36. Lane C, Knight D, Burgess S, et al. Epithelial inducible nitric oxide synthase activity is the major determinant of nitric oxide concentration in exhaled breath. Thorax, 2004, 59:757-760.
[42]
37. Huang F, Wachi S, Thai P, et al. Potentiation of IL-19 expression in airway epithelia by IL-17A and IL-4/IL-13:important implications in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2008, 121:1415-1421.
[43]
38. Sverrild A, Porsbjerg C, Thomsen SF, et al. Airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol and methacholine and exhaled nitric oxide:a random-sample population study. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2010, 126:952-958.
[44]
39. Perzanowski MS, Yoo Y. Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Airway Hyperresponsiveness to Adenosine 5'-monophosphate and Methacholine in Children with Asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol, 2015, 166:107-113.
[45]
40. Sverrild A, Malinovschi A, Porsbjerg C, et al. Predicting airway hyperreactivity to mannitol using exhaled nitric oxide in an unselected sample of adolescents and young adults. Respir Med, 2013, 107:150-152.
[46]
41. Porsbjerg CM, Gibson PG, Pretto JJ, et al. Relationship between airway pathophysiology and airway inflammation in older asthmatics. Respirology, 2013, 18:1128-1134.
[47]
43. Buchvald F, Hermansen MN, Nielsen KG, et al. Exhaled nitric oxide predicts exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic school children. Chest, 2005, 128:1964-1967.
[48]
46. Porsbjerg C, Lund TK, Pedersen L, et al. Inflammatory subtypes in asthma are related to airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol and exhaled NO. J Asthma, 2009, 46:606-612.
[49]
49. Cockcroft DW. Direct challenge tests:airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma:its measurement and clinical significance. Chest, 2010, 138:18S-24S.
