目的探讨支气管扩张症患者死亡相关危险因素。 方法收集2011年1月至2013年12月因支气管扩张症住院且有完整资料的283例患者, 随访至2015年10月, 分析患者年龄、性别、体重指数(body mass index, BMI)、吸烟史、呼吸困难评分、影像学资料, 痰培养, 血气分析、肺功能等指标, 对影响患者预后的危险因素进行COX回归分析。 结果283例患者中好转231例, 死亡52例, 患者1、2、3、4年累积生存率分别为97%、86%、71%、45%；COX回归分析显示年龄≥70岁( RR=2.222, 95% CI 1.145~4.314)、BMI<18.5 kg/m 2( RR=2.328, 95% CI 1.205~4.497)、肺HRCT累及肺叶数≥3个( RR=0.382, 95% CI 0.188~0.774)、FEV 1% pred<70%( RR=1.032, 95% CI 0.923~1.180)是影响支气管扩张症患者死亡的独立危险因素(均 P<0.05)。 结论支气管扩张症患者死亡与多种因素相关, 早期识别危险因素有利于支气管扩张症管理
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