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- 2017

广州地区呼吸专科门诊咳嗽症状分布调查

DOI: doi:10.7507/1671-6205.201704021

刘家兴,罗炜,詹晨,赖克方,陈如冲,陈桥丽

Keywords: 咳嗽症状分布, 门诊, 性别差异

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Abstract:

目的了解广州地区呼吸专科门诊中咳嗽症状的分布特点。方法采用统一的调查量表，2013 年 7 月至 8 月对广州呼吸疾病研究所门诊患者进行面访式问卷调查，记录呼吸系统症状表现，有咳嗽患者记录咳嗽临床特征。结果共收集问卷 939 份，其中 900 份有效。患者平均年龄为（48.9±18.3）岁，男 453 例（50.3%），女 447 例（49.7%）。具有咳嗽、喘息、气促、胸闷、咽痛、卡他、胸痛、咽痒、发热、咯血和其他症状者分别占总就诊人数 76.3%、34.4%、34.1%、19.2%、11.9%、11.2%、9.1%、6.6%、4.0%、1.1% 和 14.3%。存在咳嗽症状的患者中，69.5% 以咳嗽为主诊原因，22.1% 以咳嗽为唯一症状。咳嗽中位病程为 3 个月，其中 29.7% 的患者为急性咳嗽（<3 3="" 8="" 14="" 0="">8 周）占 56.3%。女性咳嗽患者多于男性（51.7% 比 48.3%， P<0.05），尤以急性咳嗽明显（60.3% 比 39.7%， P<0.01），但亚急性和慢性咳嗽性别分布未见显著差异（均 P>0.05）。结论咳嗽是呼吸专科门诊中最常见的就诊原因，尤以慢性咳嗽为著。急性咳嗽患者女性较男性多见

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