目的观察气管上皮细胞在修复氯气引起的急性气管上皮细胞损伤中的作用及其过程。 方法取 12 只 C57BL/6 小鼠,通过氯气吸入法制备气管损伤模型,于氯气暴露的第 2、4、7、10 d 分别处死 3 只小鼠,分离收集气管组织。另取 3 只小鼠作为对照组。采用 EdU 标记细胞增殖情况。采用气管上皮基底细胞标志物角蛋白 5(K5)、角蛋白 14(K14)定位增殖修复细胞的位置以及表达情况,采用形态学分析测量增殖率以及上皮的恢复情况。 结果对照组小鼠细胞增殖率非常低,所有的基底细胞都表达 K5,大部分区域基底细胞未见 K14 表达。氯气暴露后导致上皮细胞的大量脱落。氯气暴露 2~4 d 后,表达 K5 和 K14 的基底细胞上细胞开始增殖,K14 表达细胞大大增加。在细胞增殖的高峰时期,在修复区域的气管中只有极少数的纤毛细胞出现。上皮细胞在气管近端的修复速度快而且范围广。 结论小鼠气管在氯气损伤后,残留的基底细胞发挥类似祖细胞的作用并重修构建修复了气管上皮
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