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-  2015 

1221例支气管结核的支气管镜结果分析

DOI: doi:10.7507/1671-6205.2015046

Keywords: 结核, 支气管, 支气管镜

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Abstract:

目的通过大样本的分析总结气管支气管结核支气管镜下表现的特点,提高临床诊断率。 方法回顾性分析中南大学湘雅医院1 221例经支气管镜活检确诊的气管支气管结核的检查结果。 结果1 221例患者中,男491例,女730例;年龄6~84岁,平均年龄(45.5±16.8)岁。女性患者发病的高峰在20~50岁,男性患者发病的高峰在45~70岁。支气管镜下发现结核累及右肺757例(62.00%),高于左肺541例(44.31%);最易受累及的支气管叶段是右上叶(316例,25.88%)。累及左主支气管(270例,22.11%),多于右主支气管(247例,20.23%)。气管支气管结核镜下最常见的改变是黏膜充血肿胀和坏死,较为典型的改变为干酪样坏死(177例,14.50%)、瘢痕狭窄(130例,10.65%)和肉芽增生(92例,7.53%),最常出现的部位均为左主支气管。镜下分型最常见是Ⅱ型(531例,43.49%)和Ⅲ型(505例,41.36%)。 结论支气管结核发病女性多于男性。女性患者以50岁以下的中青年为主,男性患者以45岁以上的中老年患者为主。左主支气管和右上肺更易受累。支气管镜下常见类型为溃疡坏死型和肉芽增殖型

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