几种因素对芦笋茎枯病菌分生孢子器和分生孢子产生量的影响
Effects of several factors on the production of pycnidia and conidia in asparagus stem blight pathogen

为明确芦笋茎枯病菌的最适产孢条件,采用平板培养法研究了培养基、温度、光照和碳氮源等因素对其分生孢子器和分生孢子产生量的影响。结果表明,芦笋茎枯病菌在PDA、NLPDA和OLPDA等富营养培养基上分生孢子器和分生孢子的产生量均较大,其数量分别大于每皿10 个和2.0×107 个;而在WA和Czapec 培养基上较小。在28℃下的分生孢子器和分生孢子产生量均较大,其数量分别大于每皿10个和5.0×107个;达到34℃后,其数量均为0。24 h黑光培养下分生孢子器和分生孢子的产生量均较大,其数量分别大于每皿40个和5.0×107个;完全黑暗下较小。供试碳源均未明显促进基础培养基产生分生孢子器和分生孢子,其数量接近0;酵母粉作为氮源时其产生量均较大,而硫酸铵作为氮源时其产生量接近0。研究表明,培养基、温度和光照对芦笋茎枯病菌产孢的影响较大,某些氮源可提高产孢量,而碳源对其产孢几乎影响。
To verify the optimized spore-production conditions of asparagus stem blight pathogen, the effects of different factors on pycnidium and conidium production were studied by using the petri-dish culture method with different media, temperature, illumination, and carbon and nitrogen sources. The results showed that the amounts of pycnidia and conidia in asparagus stem blight fungus were more on the nutrient-rich media, i.e. PDA, NLPDA and OLPDA, with over 10 per dish and 2.0×107 per dish, respectively, while the amounts of pycnidia and conidia on WA and Czapec plates were low. The pycnidium and conidium amounts of asparagus stem blight fungus at 28℃ were the largest with more than 10 per dish and 5.0×107 per dish, respectively. When the temperature went up to 34℃, almost no pycnidium and conidium were produced. The pycnidium and conidium amounts of asparagus stem blight fungus under 24 h darkness were largest with over 40 per dish and 5.0×107 per dish, respectively. The amount was the least at full dark. All carbon sources could not improve the pycnidium and conidium productions obviously, and the amounts were almost 0. When yeast extract was the nitrogen source, both of the pycnidium and conidium productions were high. When ammonium sulfate as the nitrogen source, their production were almost 0. The results indicated that culture, temperature, and illumination affected the spore production, and few nitrogen source could improve the production, while carbon source almost had no effect.