白色霞水母刺细胞毒素抗烟草花叶病毒活性
The anti-Tobacco mosaic virus activity of the nematocyst venom from the jellyfish Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye

为探索从水母毒素中获取抗植物病毒物质的应用前景,采用半叶枯斑法、整株法和漂浮叶圆片法,对白色霞水母Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye刺细胞毒素的抗烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)活性进行了检测。结果表明,白色霞水母刺细胞毒素对TMV具有很强的直接钝化作用,枯斑抑制率随钝化时间的延长而增大。0.99 mg/mL毒素体外钝化TMV 30 min,枯斑抑制率达98.85%,将TMV与0.80 mg/mL毒素体外混合后立即接种,枯斑抑制率仍达89.57%;20~70 ℃之间,毒素对TMV的钝化作用随温度升高而降低,但又表现出一定的高温耐受性,70 ℃下处理30 min,1.33 mg/mL毒素对枯斑的抑制率为61.73%。毒素对病毒初侵染有一定的预防作用,并可抑制TMV的增殖;1.93 mg/mL毒素处理接种TMV的叶圆片2 d后,对TMV的增殖抑制率为49.41%;但该毒素对TMV所致病害的治疗效果不明显。该毒素还具有较强的蛋白水解酶活性,可能与其抗TMV活性相关。表明白色霞水母刺细胞毒素抗TMV作用明显,其抗植物病毒活性值得深入研究。
In order to find a new plant virus inhibitor from native sources, and to explore the application value of the marine natural product, jellyfish venoms, the anti-Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of the nematocyst venom of the jellyfish Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye was tested by using half-leaf, whole-lead and leaf-disc methods. The results showed that the venom could strongly inactivate TMV in vitro, and has a significant positive correlation between the anti-virus capacity and the duration of incubation period of TMV with the venom. The inhibition rate against TMV was up to 98.85% when the concentration of the venom was 0.99 mg/mL. However, when TMV was inoculated immediately after mixed together with the venom, the venom still showed an inhibition rate of 89.57% against TMV at 0.80 mg/mL. The anti-TMV activity of the venom was sensitive to temperature changes between 20 ℃ and 70 ℃, but it exhibited thermal stability to a certain extent at the same time. When incubated at 70 ℃ for 30 min, the venom's inhibition rate against TMV reached 61.73% at a concentration of 1.33 mg/mL. The venom had a certain preventive effect on TMV infection and it could also inhibit the replication of TMV, with an inhibition rate of more than 49.41% at 1.93 mg/mL. But the disease symptoms caused by TMV could not be alleviated when sprayed with the venom. The venom contained protease activity. These characteristics highlight the need for further research on the anti-TMV toxins in jellyfish nematocyst venom.