柑橘三种蚜虫取食行为的EPG分析
EPG analysis of feeding behavior of three aphids on Citrus reticulate

为探究柑橘3种蚜虫取食行为差异, 利用刺吸电位图谱(electrical penetration graph, EPG)技术对褐色橘蚜Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy)、棉蚜Aphis gossypii Glover和绣线橘蚜Aphis citricola van der Goot在椪柑上的取食行为进行了测定。结果表明：3种蚜虫均产生8种取食波形, 依次为非刺探波(np波)、路径波(A、B、C波)、电位下降波(pd波)、韧皮部分泌唾液波(El波)、韧皮部被动吸食波(E2波)以及木质部主动吸食波(G波)。棉蚜开始取食的第1次刺探时间最早, 绣线橘蚜刺探的次数最多, 且C波时间最长。褐色橘蚜pd波出现的次数最少, 棉蚜次之, 绣线橘蚜最多, 显著高于褐色橘蚜。与其它2种蚜虫相比, 绣线橘蚜于木质部主动吸食汁液(G波)时间最长, 有G波的个体比例最高。3种蚜虫E1波次数和总持续时间差异均不显著, 但褐色橘蚜E2波的持续时间217.01±27.56 min显著长于棉蚜142.49±27.85 min和绣线橘蚜116.64±20.05 min。初步推断3种蚜虫对柑橘衰退病毒的传毒效率与E2波有关。
To explore the difference in the feeding behavior of three species of aphids on Citrus reticulate, the stylet penetration activities of Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy), Aphis gossypii Glover and Aphis citricola van der Goot on seedlings of Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae) were investigated by using the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. The results showed that there were eight EPG waveforms of aphids feeding on C. reticulate leaves: non-penetration waveform (waveform np), pathway waveforms (waveform A, B and C), potential drop waveform (waveform pd), saliva secretion on phloem (waveform E1), phloem sap ingestion (waveform E2), and xylem sap ingestion (waveform G). The initial probing of A. gossypii was the earliest, and the most probe counts and the longest duration of C were recorded on A. citricola. The frequency of waveform pd was different in the three species of aphids. The highest frequency emerged in A. citricola, the least in T. citricida and the middle in A. gossypii. Besides, there were no difference between A. citricola and T. citricida. Compared to the other aphids, A. citricola spent the longest time actively sucking the juices on xylem (waveform G) and the individuals with waveform G accounted for the highest proportion. There were no difference in the number of E1 and total duration among the three species of aphids. But the total duration of E2 on T. citricida was 217.01±27.56 min, obviously longer than those of A. gossypii (142.49±27.85 min) and A. citricola (116.64±20.05 min). It was inferred that the transmission efficiency of Citrus tristeza virus by the three species of aphids is related to waveform E2.