短时极端高温对亚洲玉米螟卵、初孵幼虫和成虫的影响
Effects of transient exposure to extremely high temperatures on egg, neonate and adult of Ostrinia furnacalis

为探明短时极端高温对亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)的影响,采用耐热能力测定方法,研究了亚洲玉米螟经6 h高温处理后的半数致死温度(LT50)、存活率以及不同高温下的半数致死时间(Lt50)。结果表明,经6 h高温处理后,亚洲玉米螟卵、初孵幼虫和成虫的LT50分别为40.24~40.44、38.59和42.84~44.54℃;当卵、初孵幼虫、1日龄和3日龄成虫分别在37、35、41和37℃时,其存活率与对照均显著差异,而分别在39、37、43和39℃时,其存活率显著低于对照,卵、初孵幼虫、1日龄和3日龄成虫的短时高温阈值分别为37~39、35~37、41~43和37~39℃;当温度高于高温阈值时,卵、初孵幼虫和成虫的Lt50分别为0.38~6.31、0.22~8.35和3.80~24.15 h,且雄成虫的Lt50小于雌成虫。研究表明,短时极端高温对亚洲玉米螟的存活率具有显著影响。
To understand the effects of the transient exposure to extremely high temperatures on Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), the half lethal temperature (LT50) and the survival rate with 6 h high-temperature exposure, and the half lethal time (Lt50) under different high temperatures were examined. The results showed that the LT50 values of egg, neonate and moth were 40.24-40.44, 38.59 and 42.84-44.54℃, respectively. The survival rates of egg, neonate, 1-day moth and 3-day moth had no significant difference from the control at 37, 35, 41, or 37℃, respectively. However, the survival rates of egg, neonate, 1-day moth and 3-day moth were significantly lower than the control at 39, 37, 43 and 39℃, respectively. The critical high temperatures for egg, neonate, 1-day moth and 3-day moth were 37-39, 35-37, 41-43 and 37-39℃, respectively. Over the critical high temperature, the Lt50 values of egg, neonate and moth were 0.38-6.31, 0.22-8.35 and 3.80-24.15 h, respectively. The Lt50 of male was shorter than that of the female. The results indicated that extremely high temperatures significantly influenced the survival rate of O. furnacalis.