内蒙古亚洲小车蝗种群遗传多样性和遗传分化的ISSR分析
Genetic diversity and differentiation among geographical populations of Oedaleus asiaticus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in Inner Mongolia, China by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker

亚洲小车蝗Oedaleus asiaticus Bei-Bienko是我国北方草原和农牧交错区的主要害虫。为评价内蒙古地区亚洲小车蝗种群的遗传多样性和遗传分化，应用ISSR标记方法对内蒙古15个亚洲小车蝗种群遗传多样性及遗传分化进行了分析。结果表明，7条引物扩增出85条ISSR条带，均为多态性条带。多态性比例（P）、Nei's遗传多样性指数（H）和香农多样性指数（I）分别为82.59%、0.2319和0.3421，表明亚洲小车蝗种群具有较高的遗传多样性。基因流（Nm）和基因分化系数（Gst）分别为1.2298和0.3352，表明亚洲小车蝗不同地理种群具有明显的遗传分化。遗传距离与地理距离呈极显著正相关关系。表明地理距离和地形差异可能是形成亚洲小车蝗种群遗传分化的主要原因。
Oedaleus asiaticus Bei-Bienko (Orthoptera:Acrididae) is one of the major pest insects in the grasslands and agro-pastoral ecotone in north China. In order to evaluate the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation among O. asiaticus populations at the molecular level, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were employed to investigate the genetic diversity and differentiation of 15 geographic populations of O. asiaticus in Inner Mongolia, northern China. The results showed that seven primers amplified 85 ISSR bands, all of which were polymorphic. The proportion of polymorphic bands (P), Nei's gene diversity index (H) and Shannon's diversity index (I) were 82.59%, 0.2319 and 0.3421, respectively, displaying a high degree of genetic diversity in O. asiaticus populations.The gene flows (Nm) and the coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) were 1.2298 and 0.3352, respectively, indicating that there was an obvious genetic differentiation among different geographic populations. There was a significantly positive correlation between genetic and geographic distance. In conclusion, the geographical distance and terrain differences may be the main causes of genetic differentiation in O. asiaticus populations in Inner Mongolia.