二氧化碳浓度和温度升高对烟粉虱主要保护酶和解毒酶活性的影响
Effects of elevated CO2 concentration and temperature on protective enzymes and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

为明确烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)在大气CO2浓度和温度双因子胁迫下的生理响应,以CO2浓度和温度为作用因子,研究了4种不同组合处理下烟粉虱成虫体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)活性的变化.结果表明:常温处理下,CO2浓度升高烟粉虱体内POD和GST活性分别增加87.6%和295%,SOD和CAT活性分别降低22.4%和28.2%;高温处理下,CO2浓度升高烟粉虱体内AchE和GST活性分别增加103.6%和167.5%,CAT活性降低31.6%;常CO2浓度处理下,温度升高烟粉虱体内POD和SOD活性分别增加46.2%和18.2%,CAT活性降低35.8%;高CO2浓度处理下,温度升高烟粉虱体内AchE和SOD活性分别增加75.3%和40.3%,CAT活性降低38.9%.表明CO2浓度和温度升高是导致烟粉虱体内SOD、POD、GST和AchE活性升高的主要原因,并且SOD和POD活性变化受到CO2和温度的交互影响.烟粉虱可能通过改变体内保护酶或解毒酶的活性来适应CO2浓度和温度升高的环境.
To clarify the mechanisms of the physiological effect of elevated CO2 concentration and temperature on Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), the activities of protective enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidases (POD), and the detoxification enzymes, i.e., glutathione-S-transferases (GST) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) were investigated. Four different experimental treatments were set up with two different CO2 concentrations and two different temperatures. The results showed that, under ambient temperature, POD and GST were significantly increased by 87.6% and 295%, SOD and CAT reduced by 22.4% and 28.2% at elevated CO2 concentration compared with that at ambient CO2 concentration, respectively. Under elevated temperature, CO2 concentration enhancement resulted in 167.5% increase of the activity of GST, 103.6% increase of AchE activity, and 31.6% reduction of CAT activity. Under ambient CO2 concentration, elevated temperature significantly enhanced the activities of SOD and POD by 18.2% and 46.2%, respectively, and reduced CAT activity by 35.8% compared to those at ambient temperature. Elevated temperature significantly upgraded the activities of SOD and AchE by 40.3% and 75.3%, respectively, caused 38.9% reduction of CAT activity. These results indicated that elevated CO2 concentration and temperature were the main reasons for the increase in activities of SOD, POD, GST and AchE, and there was a significant interactive effect on SOD and POD activities between temperature and CO2 concentration. B. tabaci may adapt to elevated CO2 concentration and temperature environment by altering the activities of protective and detoxification enzymes.