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- 2018
223份小麦农家品种田间抗条锈病性评价及抗病基因分子检测
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Abstract:
为发掘更多的小麦条锈病抗性种质资源，了解小麦抗条锈病性基因在甘肃省小麦农家品种中的分布状况，选用甘肃省223份小麦农家品种，采用人工接种与自然诱发相结合的方法于2015—2017年进行了连续2个小麦生长季的成株期抗条锈病性鉴定与评价，并利用已知的6个Yr基因分子标记对其进行抗条锈病性基因类型检测。结果显示，在供试的223份小麦农家品种中，成株期表现抗病的有50份，占总数的22.42%，其中表现免疫、高抗和中抗的分别有42、3和5份，分别占总数的18.83%、1.35%和2.24%；有99份品种具有慢条锈病特性，占总数的44.39%。Yr基因分子标记检测结果表明，可能携带Yr26、Yr9、Yr5、Yr10、Yr15和Yr18的小麦农家品种分别有112、8、92、12、77和22份，分别占供试材料的50.22%、3.59%、41.26%、5.38%、34.53%和9.87%；有41份品种未检测到供测的6个抗条锈病性基因。
Wheat stripe rust(yellow rust), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici(Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat in China. In order to further explore more wheat stripe rust-resistant germplasm resources, understand the distribution of wheat stripe rust-resistant genes in Gansu wheat landraces, and provide the basis for safe production of wheat and rational distribution of wheat varieties, 223 wheat landraces in Gansu Province were identified for their resistance against stripe rust in adult stage by artificial inoculation of the mixed popular races of Pst and natural infection in Gangu Experimental Station, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences during 2015—2017. DNA markers linked to stripe rust-resistant genes Yr5, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr18 and Yr26 were employed to detect the genes. The results showed that 50 wheat landraces displayed resistance to stripe rust in adult stage, including 42 immune, three highly resistant and five moderately resistant ones, accounting for about 18.83%, 1.35% and 2.24%, respectively. There were 99 wheat landraces with slow-rusting characters in the field. The detection of Yr gene by the specific molecular markers showed that 112 wheat landraces probably carried Yr26, 8 with Yr9, 92 with Yr5, 12 with Yr10, 77 with Yr15, and 22 with Yr18. No Yr genes were detected in 41 wheat landraces. The reliability of field identification of wheat stripe rust resistance and molecular detection of Yr genes, and utilization of resistant landraces in wheat resistance breeding were also discussed.
