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- 2018
适度饥饿浅黄恩蚜小蜂对烟粉虱和温室白粉虱的寄生和取食选择
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Abstract:
为评价释放前经历饥饿对浅黄恩蚜小蜂Encarsia sophia（Girault&Dodd）寄生取食粉虱能力的影响，以3龄Q隐种烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci Q和温室白粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum若虫为寄主，在2种粉虱单独或同时存在的情况下，比较释放前经适度饥饿、初羽化未饥饿和初羽化喂饲蜂蜜水3种处理的浅黄恩蚜小蜂对2种粉虱寄主的寄生和取食选择情况。结果表明，在2种粉虱单独存在时，经适度饥饿6 h的浅黄恩蚜小蜂寄生的烟粉虱和温室白粉虱显著多于其它处理，而且能取食更多的温室白粉虱，经适度饥饿的寄生蜂在24 h内通过寄生和取食杀死烟粉虱和温室白粉虱的总量分别为12.5头和12.9头。在2种粉虱同时存在时，适度饥饿寄生蜂取食2种粉虱的总量明显高于其它处理，但不同处理间显著差异，适度饥饿寄生蜂通过寄生和取食杀死2种粉虱的数量最多为11.5头，显著高于未饥饿处理的6.5头。表明释放前经历适度饥饿可以明显提高浅黄恩蚜小蜂寄生和取食粉虱若虫的能力。
To evaluate the effects of moderate food deprivation on parasitism and host feeding of parasitoid Encarsia sophia (Girault & Dodd) on whitefly, the parasitism and host feeding capacities of E. sophia on third-instar nymphs of Bemisia tabaci Q and Trialeurodes vaporariorum were compared among the parasitoids that were starved, unstarved (newly-emerged) and fed with honey in a no-choice and a paired choice experiments. Under no-choice condition, E. sophia starved for 6 h significantly parasitized more nymphs of B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum than those of the other treatments. The starved females fed on more T. vaporariorum nymphs than those of the other treatments. The starved females killed total 12.5 nymphs of B. tabaci and 12.9 nymphs of T. vaporariorum through parasitism and host feeding in 24 h. Under the paired-choice condition, the starved females of E. sophia fed on more nymphs of B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum than those of the other treatments, but there were no differences in total mortality of two whitefly species caused by parasitism among three treatments. Generally, the starved females killed more hosts (11.5 nymphs) of B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum through parasitism and also feed on more host in 24 h than those which were unstarved (6.5 nymphs). The results indicated that by keeping E. sophia females starved for a certain period of time before release may kill more whitefly nymphs through parasitism and feeding.
