小麦条锈病菌新菌系G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14流行趋势预测
Epidemic forecasting of the new strains G22-9(CYR34) and G22-14 of Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici in wheat in Gansu Province

为预测小麦条锈病菌新菌系G22-9（CYR34）和G22-14的未来流行趋势，科学指导小麦抗病育种及条锈病治理，采用常规鉴定法于2009—2016年对甘肃省2 330份小麦条锈病菌标样进行了生理小种鉴定及消长动态监测，并对G22-9（CYR34）和G22-14的致病性及寄生适合度进行了测定。结果发现：新菌系G22-9（CYR34）和G22-14在甘肃省的出现频率加快，已从2009年的0分别上升到2016年的34.85%和6.43%，其中G22-9（CYR34）已发展为甘肃省第1位流行生理小种。与主流生理小种CYR32和CYR33相比较，G22-9（CYR34）和G22-14具有毒性谱宽、致病力强、寄生适合度高、哺育品种多等特点。建议在甘肃省特别是小麦条锈病常发易变区的陇南麦区，针对新菌系的出现，及时调整小麦品种布局及育种目标，以持续控制条锈病的发生流行。
In order to forecast the epidemics of the new isolates of Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici(Pst), G22-9(CYR34) and G22-14, first identified in Gansu Province in 2010 and 2011, and guide the resistance breeding, prevention and control, 2 330 stripe rust-infected samples were collected from Gansu Province in wheat cropping seasons, and were inoculated on 19 Chinese differential wheat varieties at seedling stage in Lanzhou greenhouses, Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences during 2009—2016. The results showed that the infection percentage of G22-9(CYR34) increased sharply from 0 to 34.85% during 2009—2016, the first predominant strain of Pst in Gansu Province, and G22-14 increased from 0 to 6.43%. The new isolates G22-9(CYR34) and G22-14 of Pst had higher frequencies, relative parasitic fitness, wider virulence spectrum, larger number of virulent genes and strongest pathogenicity than CYR33 and CYR32. Adjusted strategy in wheat breeding, and use of different resistant varieties in Longnan area should be encouraged to ensure the safety of wheat production in Gansu and China in the future.