小麦叶片营养物质与抗麦长管蚜的相关性分析
Effects of foliage nutrients of different wheat cultivars on the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

为了阐明小麦叶片营养物质与小麦抗蚜性之间的关系，观察了麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae（F.）在不同小麦品种上的选择趋性，测定其相对日均体重增长率，并采用Branford法和高效液相色谱技术分别测定了不同品种小麦叶片总蛋白、韧皮部中游离氨基酸以及可溶性糖的含量。结果表明，麦长管蚜显著趋向于铭贤169、西农889与西农1376；在铭贤169、西农889和西农1376上的成蚜相对日均体重增长率显著大于中四-有芒、小偃22；西农889叶片的总蛋白含量最高，为2 822.04 μg/mL，小偃22叶片韧皮部的可溶性糖含量最高，铭贤169和西农889叶片韧皮部的游离氨基酸总含量相对较高，分别为1 424.3、1 301.1 nmol·L-1·g-1 DW；各游离氨基酸在相对抗蚜品种中四-有芒和小偃22中的绝对含量与其抗蚜性相关性。研究表明，中四-有芒、小偃22对麦长管蚜具有较强的抗性，植物营养在小麦抗蚜性中起到一定作用。
To determine the correlation between the foliage nutrients of the wheat and the resistance against grain aphid Sitobion avenae (F.), the wheat resistance to aphids was investigated by analyzing the preference and mean relative growth rate. Total protein, concentrations of amino acids and soluble sugars were also determined. The results showed that S. avenae significantly preferred Mingxian 169, Xinong 889 and Xinong 1376 to other cultivars. Mean relative growth rates of S. avenae on the cultivars Mingxian 169, Xinong 889 and Xinong 1376 were significantly greater than those on Zhongsi-Youmang and Xiaoyan 22. The total content of protein of Xinong 889 was the highest among all tested wheat cultivars with 2 822.04 μg/mL. Soluble sugar concentrations in phloem exudates of Xiaoyan 22 were significantly higher than those of Zhongsi-Youmang, Xinong 889 and Xinong 1376. The total amino acid concentrations in the phloems of Mingxian 169 and Xinong 889 were greater than in the other three cultivars, and the concentrations were 1 424.3 and 1 301.1 nmol·L-1·g-1 DW, respectively. The concentrations of all amino-acids in leaves of Zhongsi-Youmang and Xiaoyan 22 were not related to the aphid resistance. The results indicated that the cultivars Zhongsi-Youmang and Xiaoyan 22 were more resistant to S. avenae than other tested cultivars, and the nutrients had effects on the wheat resistance to aphids.