不同温度下东方粘虫年龄-阶段两性实验种群生命表的构建
Age-stage two-sex life table for laboratory populations of oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Walker) under different temperatures

为明确不同温度对东方粘虫Mythimna separata （Walker）种群动态的影响，建立东方粘虫种群动态模型，利用年龄-阶段两性种群生命表得到了室内不同温度下东方粘虫种群的发育历期、存活率、繁殖力和种群生命表参数，并基于种群生命表参数预测了2个月内东方粘虫的种群动态。结果表明，东方粘虫各虫态的发育历期和产卵前期随温度的升高而显著缩短。24℃下，东方粘虫单雌平均产卵量为717.1粒，显著高于其它温度下；成虫寿命也显著高于其它温度下，且雄蛾寿命显著长于雌蛾，分别为15.3 d和13.0 d；卵孵化存活到成虫的概率、幼虫存活率和化蛹率均最高，分别为66.7%、68.9%和96.8%。内禀增长率随温度的升高而显著增加，平均世代周期则显著降低，18、21、24、27、30℃下分别为0.051、0.077、0.113、0.121、0.156 d-1和77.2、61.3、49.0、40.3、31.5 d；周限增长率也随温度的升高而增加，分别为1.05、1.08、1.12、1.13、1.17 d-1；净增殖率在24℃下为257.1，显著高于其它温度下，其它温度条件下显著差异。表明东方粘虫在18~30℃范围内都能完成生长发育和生殖，24℃下种群存活率高、繁殖力大、世代周期较短，更适合种群增长。
In order to understand the effects of different temperatures on oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Walker) and build the model of population dynamics, the age-stage two-sex life table was used to obtain the developmental duration, survival rate, fecundity and population life table parameters at 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30℃ under laboratory conditions. Based on population life table parameters, the population dynamics of M. separata in the following 60 days were also predicted. The results showed that the developmental durations of each stage and pre-oviposition period decreased significantly with the increase of temperature. The fecundity of female adults was significantly different, and the number of eggs per female was 717.1; the longevity was significantly longer and the male adult was longer than female adult, which were 15.3 d and 13.0 d, respectively; the maximum value of survival rate from egg to adult, survival rate of larva and percentage of pupation were 66.7%, 68.9% and 96.8% at 24℃, re-spectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) increased significantly as the tested temperature increased, which were 0.051, 0.077, 0.113, 0.121, 0.156 d-1, respectively; the finite rate of increase (λ) increased as the tested temperature increased, and they were 1.05, 1.08, 1.12, 1.13, 1.17 d-1, respectively; the mean generation time (T) decreased significantly, and the values were 77.2, 61.3, 49.0, 40.3, 31.5 d, respectively; the highest value for the net reproductive value (R0) occurred at 24℃ (257.1), and there was no significantly different among other temperatures. These results indicated that M. separata was able to develop, survive and reproduce successfully across the entire temperature range from 18℃ to 30℃, and 24℃ was the most suitable temperature for the population growth of M. separata.