草铵膦对斑马鱼胚胎及仔鱼的毒性研究
Toxic effects of glufosinate-ammonium on zebrafish embryos and larvae

草铵膦(glufosinate-ammonium,GLA)是一种广谱触杀型非选择性除草剂,随着在生产中应用的不断增加,其生物安全性也越来越受到人们的重视。试验以斑马鱼Danio rerio胚胎为动物模型,用不同剂量的草铵膦染毒受精后2h的斑马鱼胚胎,观察其死亡率和形态学变化,并应用原位杂交和QRT-PCR技术检测了Vasa基因表达情况,以分析草铵膦的毒性作用。结果表明:1.6μg/L的草铵膦对斑马鱼胚胎有显著致死作用、1.3μg/L的草铵膦有显著致畸作用,其中畸形表现为尾部弯曲和阻碍黑色素沉着。原位杂交结果显示:1.3μg/L的草铵膦可引起Vasa表达的部分缺失,QRT-PCR定量分析发现,草铵膦可引起斑马鱼胚胎Vasa基因表达水平下调3.8倍。表明草铵膦对斑马鱼胚胎有较强的致死毒性、致畸作用和潜在的生殖毒性。
Glufosinate-ammonium (GLA) is a broad spectrum non-selective herbicide. The increasing usage of GLA has drawn people's attention to questions of its biological safety. In this study, zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) were used as a laboratory model to test concentration dependent responses of GLA including mortality and morphological changes. In addition, in situ hybridization was employed to investigate the effect on Vasa gene expression which is known to be important in reproduction. And QRT-PCR was used for the quantification. The results revealed that embryo mortality was increased after the exposure to 1.6 μg/L GLA. And the induced curvature of tail, and the inhibition of pigmentation were observed after exposing to 1.3 μg/L GLA. Furthermore, Vasa expression missing was also induced by GLA (1.3 μg/L) during the in situ hybridization, and the Vasa gene expression was decreased by 3.8 fold compared to the control group. The above results indicate that GLA has lethal toxicity, teratogenicity and potential of reproductive toxicity.