常规治理、运动式治理与中国扶贫实践
Regular Governance,Campaign-styled Governance and the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Practice

精准性问题长期困扰着中国反贫困实践,采用常规治理还是运动式治理成为精准扶贫可能与否的关键。 除照章办事的科层运作外,常规治理还有策略主义、半正式治理、“不出事的逻辑”等内涵,其内在弊端“模糊治理规则、影响政治绩效”使得它在恰当的时机下向运动式治理转化。 依托于首长负责制、驻村工作队、群众动员等组织运作机制,地方政府声势浩大的扶贫运动取得显著成效,然而也表现出精心应付的缺点。 作为常规治理的重要补充,运动式治理不可能消失,其偏离运动目标诱发多重紧张的弊端及相应纠偏机制值得继续深究。
Accuracy issues have plagued China’s poverty alleviation practice for a long time. To adopt the regular governance or campaign-style governance methods has already become the key to accurate poverty alleviation. In addition to the bureaucratic operation, the inherent drawbacks “fuzzy governance rules and affecting political performance” existed in regular governance together with tacticalism, semi-formal governance, and no accident-logic, made it moving towards to campaign-style governance at the right time. Relying on the organization mechanism of leader responsibility system, the resident team, the mass mobilization and so forth, the local government’ s massive poverty alleviation campaign has achieved remarkable results and showed the shortcomings of careful coping at the same time. As an important supplement to conventional governance, campaign governance cannot disappear, however, its disadvantages of deviating from the goal of moving multiple tensions and the corresponding corrective mechanism are worth further investigation.