全球替代性食物体系综述
An Overview of Critical Issues of Alternative Food Networks in the Global Context

在世界各地,农业食品领域的工业化造成了日益严重的环境、经济和社会问题,如环境污染、 大量碳排放、食品安全危机、小农边缘化和小农生计的难以维系。 为了应对这些问题,多个国家的不同 群体建立了多种多样的替代性食物体系,如社区支持农业、农夫市集、共同购买、社区菜园等。 替代性食 物体系自 2009 年进入中国至今已有十年,获得了较大发展。 然而,国内研究较少关注国际替代性食物 体系产生的背景及理念。 文章从替代食物体系的产生和发展、主要特征、国内外差异以及学术界的批判 等几个方面进行概述,全面介绍相关的关键问题和概念,为推动国内替代性食物体系研究的发展助力。
The industrialization of agriculture and food industry around the globe has resulted in increasingly severe environmental, economic and social consequences, such as environmental pollution, large quantity of carbon emission, food safety crisis, the marginalization of smallholders and the sustainability of their livelihoods. To cope with these challenges, different stakeholders have initiated various alternative food networks such as community supported agriculture, farmers’ market, buying club and community gardens. After a decade since its emergence in China in 2009, alternative food networks have developed into diverse initiatives across the country. However, Chinese scholars have paid relatively limited attention to its development in the global context. This paper provided an overview of the critical issues and concepts of alternative food networks in the global context through elaborations on their emergence and development, alternativeness, differences between Chinese and western initiatives, and critical scholarly perspectives. The paper hopes to contribute to the development of research in alternative food networks in China.