青藏地区中草药浸提液诱导瓜列当和向日葵列当种子萌发的研究
Study on Chinese medicinal herbs in Qinghai-Tibet inducing germination of Orobanche cumana Wallr.and Phelipanche aegyptiaca Pers.seeds

本试验采用甲醇和蒸馏水浸提法,从69种青藏地区传统中草药中筛选具有诱导瓜列当(Phelipanche Aegyptiaca Pers.)和向日葵列当(Orobanche Cumana Wallr.)种子萌发作用的植物,旨在通过寻找稳定的种子萌发刺激物质来为根寄生杂草列当防除提供依据。结果表明:1)供试材料中,16种中草药的甲醇或蒸馏水浸提液诱导瓜列当种子的萌发率≥20%,21种中草药的甲醇或蒸馏水浸提液诱导向日葵列当种子的萌发率≥20%;2)其中,黄花蒿、雪参、鸡血藤、青兰、甘松和独一味6种中草药诱导2种列当的发芽率均高于20%,表明上述中草药种含有较高活性或较高浓度的列当种子萌发诱导物质,上述6种中草药可作为列当诱捕作物或列当种子萌发刺激物的潜在供体而应用于列当的生物防除。
By using distilled water and methanol extracts,69 Chinese traditional medicinal herbs from the Qinghai-Tibet region were screened to find stable compounds,which could control root parasitic weeds by inducing the germination of Orobanche and Phelipanche seeds.The results showed that:1) Of all the test materials,16 herbs could induce P.aegyptiaca seeds germination(≥20%),21 herbs were able to induce germination of O.cumana seeds(≥20%);2) Artemisia annua,Meconopsis racemosa,Kadsura interior,Dracocephalum ruyschiana,Nardostachys chinensis and Lamiophlomis rotata could induce both O. cumana and P.aegyptiaca seeds to germinate (>20%),indicating that these herbs contained germination stimulatent(s) for Orobanche and Phelipanche seeds to germinate.We suggested that herbs inducing high rates of Orobanche and Phelipanche seeds germination could be used as trap crops or donors to reduce the soil seed bank of Orobanche and Phelipanche.