基于集体补贴机制的农业非点源污染治理研究
Research on agricultural nonpoint source pollution controlling based on the collective subsidy mechanism

为有效防治农业非点源污染,以农业生产中化肥使用造成的非点源污染为研究对象,从最大化社会收益的目的出发,依托集体补贴机制,构建农业非点源污染控制模型,通过给农户提供适当补贴,激励农户降低农田中化肥使用量,达到减少政府的非点源污染控制成本和增加社会收益的目的。对太湖流域农业氮肥污染防治的数据验证表明,模型的应用可以减少太湖流域22.32%的氮肥污染物排放量,对控制农业非点源污染具有较好的指导作用。
Compared with the point source pollution,agricultural nonpoint source pollution is difficult to control because of its dispersion,randomicity,fuzziness,etc..From the viewpoint of maximizing social benefit,it suggested that the collective subsidy mechanism should be set up for controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution.This mechanism provided sufficient subsidies for farmers who were motivated to reduce the chemical fertilizer input level,which could reduce governments' pollution control cost and increase social benefit.This mechanism had been validated by the experimental data of Taihu Lake basin,and the results showed that it is available to control agricultural nonpoint source pollution.