金针菇菇脚对肉鸡T、B淋巴细胞免疫功能的影响
Effects of Flammulina velutipes stembase on T and B lymphocyte immune functions of broilers

为探索不同含量金针菇菇脚(Flammulina velutipes stembase,FVS)添加到肉鸡饲粮中对肉鸡生产性能以及T、B淋巴细胞免疫功能的影响,采用1日龄健康AA肉鸡270只,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复18只。试验分为:对照组(基础日粮);抗生素组(基础日粮+0.05%黄霉素);低剂量组(基础日粮+2% FVS);中剂量组(基础日粮+4% FVS);高剂量组(基础日粮+6% FVS)。试验为期42 d,检测指标为:生产性能,免疫器官指数,外周血T、B淋巴细胞增殖率(MTT法测定),血清细胞因子IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ含量测定(ELISA法测定),血清免疫球蛋白IG-A、IG-G、IG-M效价测定(ELISA法测定)。结果显示:各剂量FVS均能提高肉鸡饲喂前期平均日增重,平均日采食量,降低料肉比,提高肉鸡成活率;2%FVS组21日龄胸腺指数及42日龄法氏囊指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),4%FVS组胸腺指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),6%FVS组在42日龄胸腺指数及脾脏指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在第22~28、29~35、36~42日龄,各剂量FVS组T、B细胞增殖率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在第22~28、36~42日龄,各剂量FVS均可显著提高细胞因子IL-2的含量(P<0.05);各剂量FVS能显著提高22~28、36~42日龄肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白IG-A效价(P<0.05)以及7~14、22~28日龄IG-G效价(P<0.05)。表明日粮中添加FVS可提高肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数,增强肉鸡的T、B淋巴细胞免疫功能。
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different contents of Flammulina velutipes stembase (FVS) as dietary supplements on production performance and T and B lymphocyte immune function of broilers.A total of 270 one-day-old Arbor Acre (AA) broilers were randomly divided into five groups, with three replications per group.The experimental groups were control group (basic diet), antibiotic group (basic diet+5mg/kg flavomycin), low dose group (basic diet+2% content mushroom stembase), middle dose group (basic diet+4% content mushroom feet), and high dose group (basic diet+6% content mushroom stembase).The experimental period was 42 days.The detection indexes were production performances, immune organ indexes, peripheral T and B lymphocyte proliferation rates (MTT assay), serum cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ assay (ELISA assay) and serum immunoglobulin IG-A, IG-G, IG-M potency assay (ELISA assay).The results showed that:Each dose of FVS could improve average daily gain, average daily feed intake, decrease feed conversion at early stage, as well as improve the survival rates of broilers;At the age of 21 d, 2% FVS group thymus indexes and 42 d old bursal indexes were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), 4% FVS group thymus indexes were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), 6% FVS group 42 d thymus index and spleen index were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05);T and B cell proliferation rates in all treatment groups were significantly higher than in control group (P<0.05).At the day of 22-27, 28-35, 36-42, each dose of FVS could significantly increase the contents of cytokine IL-2 (P<0.05).At 22-28 and 36-42 d, FVS could also improve IG-A titers significantly (P<0.05), and IG-G titers at 7-14 and 22-28 d (P<0.05).We concluded that diets of FVS could improve production