绿洲农田盐碱斑土壤盐分特征分析
Analysis of soil salt characteristics in oasis farmland

为研究绿洲农田盐碱斑的盐分特征,以新疆玛纳斯县农田盐碱斑为研究对象,通过对43个盐碱斑的野外调查采样和室内分析,探讨了农田盐碱斑内外土壤剖面盐分特征及斑块效应。结果表明:1)盐碱斑的形成与盐分相关的占所调查总样点数的51.2%,按照斑心土壤表层盐分含量将盐碱斑划分为轻度、中度、重度以及盐土4种盐渍化类型;2)盐碱斑从斑心向外盐分含量差异显著(P<0.01),即斑心(15.46 g/kg) >边缘(10.12 g/kg) >外部(6.53 g/kg);3)在土壤剖面上,重度盐渍化和盐土类型的盐碱斑盐分表聚特征最明显(0~10 cm),而中度盐渍化盐碱斑土壤盐分积累区下降至10~20 cm,轻度盐渍化盐碱斑盐分在剖面上分布相对均一;4)盐碱斑的斑块效应从斑内向斑外总体上趋于减弱特征,而同一采样部位的盐碱斑的斑块效应差异不显著。
To study the soil salt characteristics of oasis farmland, saline-alkaline patches of Manas County were taken as the research object.Through field investigation and indoor analysis of 43 saline-alkaline patche samples, we explored the characteristics of saline-alkaline patches and patch effects.The results showed that:1) The formation of saline-alkaline patches related to salt summed up for 51.2% of total samples.According to salt content in patches center, saline-alkaline patches are divided into slight, moderate, and sever saline-alkaline patiches, and saline soil;2) From the aline-alkaline patches center to the external, there was significant difference in salinity, the patches center (15.46 g/kg) > edge (10.12 g/kg) > external (6.53 g/kg);3) Salt accumulation in surface soil (0-10 cm) was most distinguish in seversaline-alkaline patches and aline soil, and the soil salt accumulation zone was declined to 10-20 cm in moderately saline-alkaline patches, and the distribution of salt slightly saline-alkaline patches was even;4) The patch effect of saline-alkaline patches from center to the external was decreased, and there was no obvious difference of patch effect in the same sampling site.